Disorders of the ear Flashcards
What is an auricular hematoma?
deformity of the ear due to traumatic blood buildup
How do you treat an auricular hematoma?
I&D pack the wound to prevent refilling provide abx with pseudomonas coverage
What drug do you not use in kids?
Fluoroquinolones
What happens if auricular hematomas go untreated?
cauliflower ear
What is auricular cellulitis ?
inflammation of the auricle
How can you quickly differentiate auricular cellulitis from chondritis or perichondritis?
Auricular cellulitis involves the ear lobe while the other two do not.
What is the most common pathogen for auricular cellulitis?
Group A Strep
What drugs work well against auricular cellulitis?
Penicillin, Amox-Clav, or cephalexin
a 50-year-old woman with clear saddle nose deformity. What would you dx her with based on this info?
Relapsing polychondritis
What is relapsing polychondritis?
a rare degenerative disease characterized by recurrent inflammation of the cartilage in the body.
How would you dx otitis externa?
Red swollen canal
Tragual tenderness
Pneumatic otoscopy
What usually causes otitis externa?
gram + rods (pseudomonas, proteus)
What would you treat otitis externa with?
ABx drops Fluoroquinolones are safest for the ear
aminoglycosides are good too
What is an osteoma?
benign pearly bony growth in the external auditory canal
What is exostosis?
bone on bone growth in the inner ear
What is the treatment for osteoma and exostosis
surgical removal or debridement
What does exposure to cold wind and water cause?
suffers ear, exostosis
What is the most common infection that abx are prescribed for ?
acute otitis media
What are some sx for acute otitis media
fever
otalgia
pressure
decreased hearing
Should you observe or treat a pt who is less than 6 months old ?
treat over 6 months observe unless it is severe
A pt has just been exposed to an IED concussing the eardrum and rupturing it. Upon inspection, there is cerumen impaction what two things should you not do?
irrigate or remove cerumen
use ototoxic corticosteroids
What are common organisms found in chronic otitis media?
pseudomonas
proteus
staph aureus
What is a cholesteatoma
negative middle ear pressure due to eustachian tube dysfunction, a retraction pocket forms, and a build-up of skin cells and debris collect
What is the tx for cholesteatoma?
surgical excision
What is eustachian tube dysfunction?
-Failure of the functional valve of the eustachian tube to open or close properly, causing air to be trapped in the middle ear and negative pressure develops
