ENSE PRELIM Flashcards
Occupies space and has mass.
matter
Air, Oxygen,
Other Gases, Water, Rock and Soil
Minerals are examples of what type of matter?
Inorganic Matter:
Has the ability to move matter, has no mass and does not
occupy space.
Energy
- Cannot be created or destroyed.
- Can be changed from one form to another.
Energy and matter
Consists of a community of organisms together with their
physical environment.
Ecosystem
An ecosystem’s services, goods, and function equate to $_____ Trillion/year.
33 Trillion
Who created the rules of Ecology?
1. Everything is connected to everything else
2. Everything must go somewhere
3. Nature knows best
4. There is no such thing as a free lunch
Barry Commoner
Most ecosystems capture sunlight as
their source of energy by photosynthesis. What principle is this?
First principle of Eccosystem Sustainability
Ecosystems dispose of wastes and replenish nutrients
by recycling all elements. What principle is this?
Second principle of Eccosystem Sustainability
The cycle transforms the inert nitrogen present in the atmosphere to a
more usable form for living organisms.
Nitrogen Cycle
Describes how carbon transfers between different reservoirs
located on Earth. The cycle is important for maintaining a
stable climate and carbon balance on Earth.
Carbon Cycle
The richness and variety of life on earth.
Biodiversity
True or False: The removal of one or more species does not affect the
ecosystem’s structure or function.
FAlse
3 Scales of Biodiversity?
- Ecosystems (habitat and niches)
- Species (richness)
- Genetic (different traits)
largest foreign exchange-generating enterprise
in many developing countries
Ecotourism
2 values of wild species
Instrumental
Intrinsic
A value of wild species describing the:
– Sources for agriculture, forestry, aquaculture and animal husbandry
* Recreational, aesthetic and scientific value
* Sources of medicine
INstrumental
A value of wild species describing the:
– Value for its own sake
* Philosophical / morality
INtrinsic
5 major reasons of biodiversity decline
– Habitat Alterations (ex: deforestation, fragmentation
– Human population growth
– Exotic species introduction
– Pollution
– Overuse (overfishing overharvesting)
Causes of Animal Extinctions:
specify percentage MUHAHA
- Species Introductions (39%)
- Hunting (23%)
- Habit destruction (36%)
- Others (2%)
What act / law has the main objective to to protect endangered plants and animals, and increase their populations to a level where they are no longer at risk of extinction.
Endangered Species Act (1973)
Creates a compromise for land use.
HCP Habitat conservation plan of 1982
2 International Steps to Protect Biodiversity
CITES and CBD
– Ensures that global trade of wildlife and wildlife parts operate responsibly and ethically
– Treaty includes protection of 30,000 species globally
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES 1973)