Enlightenment approaches to crime and punishment Flashcards
Friedrich’s reform 1
Began 1740
- Did not like Roman and Germanic law that allowed for harsh punishment
- Replace drowning with decapitation for infanticide
- Abolished capital punishment for infanticide
What was the significant reason behind public executions?
Crime=Sin
True or False? All men have the potential to commit a crime
True
How could criminals escape hell?
By confessing before execution
What changes were made for the crime of infanticide?
- Mothers homes and foundling hospitals
- Decline in the death penalty in Germany during the 18th century.
How did criminals die in Prussia?
In a state of grace
What was the state concerned about in Prussia?
That people committed murder to guarantee salvation
How did the Clergy use executions?
To signify their power over social order and authorities
True or False? Did the clergy remove religious aspects of execution?
True
True or false? Did the clergy make prisoners make a confession before leaving prison to be executed?
True
True or False: By the end of the 18th-century punishment was milder.
True
Friedrich’s reform 2
- Abolished torture 1740
- Changed breaking of the wheel so that criminal was strangled first 1749
- Removed death penalty for theft 1743 (fewer executions)
- Made a new law code in 1794 (many criticisms)
what was the view of infanticide in the 16th and 17th century?
Women who committed this crime were viewed as wicked, evil and whores
What changes were made for the crime of infanticide?
- Mothers homes and foundling hospitals
- Decline in the death penalty in Germany during the 18th century.
What did reformers believe?
Believed that punishment was only justified if the state had taken all the measures to prevent crime.
