Crime and Insanity

Question 1

Who was the father of modern French psychiatry?

Answer 1

Philippe Pinel

Question 2

What did Phillipe Pinel discover in 1800 in terms of insanity?

Answer 2

Moved away from the idea that insanity was a complete intellectual derangement and instead established partial insanity that left intellectual powers in tact.

Question 3

Who came up with the term monomania?

Answer 3

Pinels student Jean-Etienne Esquirol in 1817

Question 4

What is monomania?

Answer 4

A single pathological preoccupation in an otherwise sound mind

Question 5

What is unusual about monomaniacs?

Answer 5

Appear to be healthily sane people except they may exhibit an unreasonable desire for theft, envy, schemes, fanticies and homicide.

Question 6

What was the key characteristic of monomania?

Answer 6

Homicide, according to Jean

Question 7

What did Jean identify monomania as?

Answer 7

It was an instinctive impulse without consciousness, passion or motive

Question 8

What did Jean do in 1825?

Answer 8

He challenged several verdicts by arguing that the accused suffered from homicidal monomania

Question 9

What did critiques note about monomania?

Answer 9

The need to murder to satisfy passions is not illness or insanity. The doctrine of monomania aims to excuse the crime by the crime itself

Question 10

Who coined the term moral insanity in 1835?

Answer 10

Prichard

Question 11

What did moral insanity mean for the Germans?

Answer 11

Insanity came to mean forms of madness that manifested mainly in the moral sense

Question 12

When was the earliest use of insanity used as an excuse for crime?

Answer 12

In the classical world (if found guilty people were referred to the King for pardon on the basis of their madness

Question 13

True or False? In England before 1800 the insanity defence was hardly ever used successfully?

Answer 13

False (was 50% successful)

Question 14

What happened in the Hadfield case?

Answer 14

Tried to assassinate George III in 1800. Found not guilty by reason of insanity

Question 15

What resulted out of the Hadfield case?

Answer 15

The criminal lunatics act 1800

Question 16

What are the McNaughton rules?

Answer 16

The presumption that everyone is presumed sane until the contrary is proved

Question 17

What were some of the repercussions of the McNaughton rules?

Answer 17

Insanity met some resistance from the judiciary

Question 18

What did Baron Alderson do in 1844?

Answer 18

Kept a jury locked up without food, drink, or heat for 24 hours until they rejected the insanity plea

Question 19

What occurred by the 1870s in terms of opinions on the insanity defence?

Answer 19

Jurys were reluctant to see woman executed and were more likely to accept pleas of insanity

Question 20

What was the trial of lunatics act 1833?

Answer 20

Queen Victoria demanded that the verdict be changed from not guilty to insane so as not to be responsible according to the law

Question 21

How was insanity viewed in Germany?

Answer 21

Early 19th century acceptance that doctors should be involved to determine insanity

Question 22

What did Reich law of criminal procedure in 1879 do?

Answer 22

Saw psychiatrists being called upon to give evidence on the mental state of the defendant who did not suffer from full blow insanity

Question 23

True or false? Juries were not usually persuaded by medical evidence but instead by testimony on people who witness the crime?

Answer 23

True