enlargement

Question 1

northern enlargement

Answer 1

1973: -denmark, ireland and UK join EEC
- Norway applied in 1962 but was rejected during a 1972 referendum. This enlargement highlighted the asymmetrical relationship between the EU and applicant country and how the applicant country would have to adapt to the EU if they wanted to join.
- By letting two euro-skeptic countries in (denmark and UK) the EU challenged the original pro-integration ideas of the original member states.

Question 2

medditerranean enlargement

Answer 2

greece in 81. spain and portugal in 86

• enlargement was significant as all three members were transitioning into democratic states and membership ensured that democracy would strengthen within the countries
• Biggest challenge was the need for financial support from the EU to the three countries

Question 3

efta enlargement (1995)

Answer 3

austria, finland, sweden

• not controversial because they were all stable and wealthy
• nordic additions put pressure on the Eu to be more green

Question 4

eastern enlargement

Answer 4

2004 (and also romania and bulgaria in 07)

• communism states (complex)
• new established democracies wanted to return to europe, and security concerns after cold war
• established copenhagen criteria as whta was needed for accession

Question 5

Copenhagen criteria

Answer 5

applicant countries had to have

1) stable institutions that followed democratic ideas
2) the rule of law
3) respect for human rights and the protection of minorities
4) functioning market economy that could withstand EU pressures
5) the ability to take on obligations of the EU (this includes political, economic and monetary union)