Enhancement And Finishing

Question 0

What are the five stages of the preparation of fabric

Answer 0

Singeing 
Scouring 
Shrinking 
Bleaching 
Mercerising

Question 1

What are the three mechanical finishes?

Answer 1

Raising, calendaring and embossing

Question 2

There are 6 chemical finishes, can you remember what they are?

Answer 2

Easy care
Moth proofing 
Flame resist 
Permanent pleating 
Stain resist 
Water repellant

Question 3

What are two aesthetic finishes

Answer 3

Flocking and foiling

Question 4

What is foiling

Answer 4

Adhesive is passed through a silk screen which is then allowed to dry,
The foil is then placed foil side up
The heat is pressed and the foil is taken off
Foil remains where the adhesive have been applied

Question 5

What is flocking

Answer 5

Same as foiling except flocking paper is used

Question 6

What’s sublimation

Answer 6

Transfer of printing technique
No water is used (dry)
Disperse dyes are used
The disperse dyes sublime when heated

Question 7

What structure is sublimation C or A

Answer 7

100% c so it can’t be dyed

Question 8

Explain easy care

Answer 8

Makes fabric easy to wash, crease resistant
Resin finish applied
Smooth fabrics produced
Reduces tear strength

Question 9

Explain flame resistant

Answer 9

Increased fabric stiffness
Reduced tear strength
Applied to all fibres
Cotton is highly flammable- lowered with treatments

Question 10

Moth proofing, explain

Answer 10

Applied to wool products
Makes the fibres in edible for motha
Lots of chemicals used, flureride

Question 11

Explain singeing

Answer 11

Protruding fibres are singed (burnt)

Improves quality of fibre

Question 12

Explain scouring

Answer 12

Removes waxes present in fabrics

Question 13

Explain shrinking

Answer 13

(Sanforizing) process forcing fabric to shrink, minimising shrinkage later during wash

Question 14

Bleaching explain?

Answer 14

Process differs depending on fibre type

Used to create uniform coloration

Question 15

Mercercising

Answer 15

Improving the lustre of cotton fibres

Question 16

Mechanical finishing; raising. Explain what it is

Answer 16

Fabric passes over rollers containing fine bristles
Fibre in yarns in fabric are lifted
Produces soft and warm fabric
Different rollers work against fabrics at different speeds

Question 17

Mechanical finishing; calandering

Answer 17

It is used to smooth the fabric and make v compact
Make it shine or improve lustre
Harder roller faster adds shine and texture
Produces embossed fabrics with a relief surface
Passes through heated rollers

Question 18

Coating fabrics; explain

Answer 18

Polymer resin coating is applied direct using transfer paper
Fixed using an oven
This process is used for easy care and flame resistant