English Revolution

Question 1

What was the relationship like between Crown and House of Commons at the end of the 16th century and why?

Answer 1

increasing tension between Crown and House of Commons due to Puritanism

Question 2

What was a key characteristic of James I ‘s reign?

Answer 2

Absolutism increased, taxes dened, censorship of Puritanism

Question 3

Who censored Puritanism?

Answer 3

Laud

Question 4

When and why did the Mayflower leave England?

Answer 4

1620, Puritans cannot reform England, so they create NEW ENGLAND

Question 5

What were the main characteristics of Charles I’s reign?

Answer 5

war against Scots to reform Church, bankruptcy, Short and Long Parliament

Question 6

What were the issues that actually started the English Revolution?

1. ) political
2. )class
3. ) economy
4. ) religious
5. ) ideology

Answer 6

1. ) absolutist monarchy vs Parliament
2. ) aristocracy vs bourgeoise
3. ) Crown raises taxes vs. individual property
4. ) Anglican Church vs. Puritan Church
5. ) Divine Right vs. freedom of individual

Question 7

What are the differences between the Royal Army and the New Model Army?

Answer 7

New model army

support from people, well financed, democratic, rise by merit

Question 8

What was the Soldiers Council?

Answer 8

debates for after war situation (strategy of army, politics, religion)
elected 100 people into Parliament

Question 9

What is the key motto of the Soldiers Council?

Answer 9

Religious freedom for everybody

Question 10

What did the Soldiers Council do to the NMA?

Answer 10

debates contribute to the poltization of the army

Question 11

What happend with Chrales I in 1646?

Answer 11

He was put under house arrest

Question 12

Who were the MP’s of the Parliament in 1647?

Answer 12

Presbytarians 150

Independents 100

Question 13

What was the plan of the Presbytarians?

Answer 13

they wanted to disband the army, create a Presbytarian state church also Puritan

Question 14

What would be the consequences of a Presbytarian state church?

Answer 14

It is a sign of control and would end religious toleration and freedom of sppech

Question 15

What was the plan of the Independents?

Answer 15

keep the army and grant religious toleration for everbody except Catholics

Question 16

When and how did the conflict between Presbytarians and Independents escalate?

Answer 16

Independents marched into and occupied London in 1648 due to Presbytarian’s secret negotiations with the King
in the late 1648 Presbytarians were thrown out
Rump Parliament

Question 17

When did the Regicide occur?

Answer 17

Charles I was executed by Oliver Cromwell in 1649

Question 18

Why was the regicide so significant?

Answer 18

1. first time that people killed a monarch in England

2. end of divine rule

Question 19

Who did Oliver Cromwell become after the regicide?

Answer 19

he was head of the English Commonwealth (11 years) and Council of State

Question 20

What changed during the English Commonwealth?

1. parliament
2. property
3. document
4. democracy
5. tax
6. challenge

Answer 20

1. aboltion of the House of Lords
2. confiscation of royal property
3. Agreement of the People
4. universal male suffrage
5. property tax wanted but not pushed
6. left wing challenge (Levellers)

Question 21

Timeline

1603
1620
1625
1638
1639
1640, April, November
1646
1648
1649

Answer 21

1603- death of Elizabeth I
1620- Mayflower
1625- Charles I
1638- Parliament denies tax
1639- War against Scotland
1640- bankruptcy of Crown
April 1640- Short Parliament
November 1640- Long Parliament 
1646- Chrales I house arrest
1648- Rump Parliament
1649-Regicide