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Introduction to Culture: British History > Commonwealth and Glorious Revolution > Flashcards

Commonwealth and Glorious Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the Commonwealth?

A

the first bourgeoise government with a bourgeoise free will “kingdom of christ….”

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2
Q

Why was a complete free bourgeoise free will not possible?

A

would result in chaos

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3
Q

lex naturalis

A

freedom, natural right

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4
Q

homo homini lupus

A

society: everybody for himself

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5
Q

bellum omnia contra omnes

A

society: everybody against everybody

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6
Q

Why do people live in a society?

A

gain honour or profit

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7
Q

What is needed for a civilized society?

A

lex civilis

authorization of majority to have a sovereign

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8
Q

Rump Parliament

A

1650, Independents

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9
Q

What was passed in the new Parliament of 1653?

A
  • property clause: men with property of over 200 pounds can vote MP’s
  • Lord Protector (hereditary)
  • Committee for the Propagadition of the Gospel
  • Presbytarian state church
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10
Q

What were the consequences of the term Lord Protector?

A

notion of puritan equality gone

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11
Q

What does the Committee for the Propagadition of the Gospel signify?

A

the close tie of state and church

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12
Q

What does a Presbytarian state church imply?

A

a puritan clergy, and censorship of all printing

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13
Q

The Commonwealth is a ….

A

puritan state monopoly, a dictatorship in terms of NMA, religion, and freedom of speech

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14
Q

What were the signs of the disintegrating Commonwealth?

A

1658 Richard

1658.60 famine (economy disintegrating)

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15
Q

What was the consequence of the disintegration?

A

1660 a delegation was send to France to bring back Charles II

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16
Q

What was the compromise with Charles II? (his demands)

A

Land, Political, Religious Settlement

17
Q

Land Settlement of Charles II meaning and consequences

A

land shall be given back to the royalists resulting in the royalists’ gaining political influence

18
Q

Political Settlement of Charles II meaning

A

House of Lords restored

1661 Cavalier Parliament

19
Q

What was so important about the Cavalier Parliament?

A

the first development of political parties

20
Q

Whigs

A

liberals (middle class)

21
Q

Tories

A

conservative (royalists)

22
Q

Religious Settlement of Charles II meaning and consequences

A 
Anglican Church (no Puritanism, no radical sects) 
emigration of Puritans to the Americas exploded
23
Q

Who was Charles II?

A

a king influenced by French lifestyle

24
Q 
Exclusion Crisis 
When? 
Charles & Tories 
Whigs
left Wing (people)
A

1670s
James (catholic son of Charles II)
Mary (James oldest daughter) married to William of Orange
Duke of Monmouth

25
Q

1681

A

Charles desolved Parliament

26
Q

When did James II come to the throne?

A

1685

27
Q

When and why was the hope of Mary rising to the throne crushed?

A

1687 birth of James’ son

28
Q

5th November 1688

A

Glorious Revolution

29
Q

Process of Glorious Revolution

A
  1. gelegation was send to NL to invite William and Mary to rule as dual monarchs in England
  2. James fled to France
30
Q

What was so glorious about the Revoloution?

A

no blood shed

31
Q

What is the English Bill of Rights?

A

1689

it describes the rights and duties of monarch and Parliament

32
Q

England is after the Bill of Rights…

A

a parliamentary monarchy

33
Q

What does “Crown in Parliament” mean?

A

Parliament had the power

34
Q

What is the English constitution made of?

A

Magna Charta 1215
Bill of right 1689
common law
conventions

35
Q

Bill of Rights

taxation

A

by Parliament

monarch gets salary

36
Q

Bill of Rights

legislation

A

by Parliament except foreign affiars until 1730s then Cabinet

37
Q

What did develop after the Bill of Rights?

A

Cabinet System (apointed ministers) =/ Parliament

38
Q

Bill of Rights

army

A

Crown: head of the army –> not allowed to declare war

39
Q

Bill of Rights

Church

A

monarch is the head of the Anglican Church (no more Catholics allowed)

Introduction to Culture: British History (12 decks)

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