Early Modern England Flashcards
What was the most significant change during that time?
From feudal structure to bourgeois culture
War of the Roses: When? Who? What? End of war?
When?: 1455-1485
Who? Lancaster (red rose) vs. York (white rose)
What? last feudal wars on English soil, dynastic war
End of war? Henry VII new king
How was political influence defined during that period of time?
Wealth equaled political influence
What were the results of the War of the Roses?
- peace or chaos
- nobility
- land
- gentry
- retainers
- court
- stability
- economy
- agriculture
- employment
- peace (compared to continent)
- extinction of the old nobility
- land confiscated of enemies
- given to gentry
- prhobition of the retainers
- economical court
- social and political stability
- cottage industry
- enclosed field agriculture
- mass unemployment of peasants
What are the gentlemen?
Gentlemen: wealthy landowners w/o peerage
What is the gentry?
New rulling class that supports the kind, also new aristocracy
What is the difference between aristocracy and nobility?
cultivated people who are no interested in war or fighting
How did the cottage industry arise?
- Demand grew because of population increase
- England: wool prodcuer –> wool manufacturer
due to Spanish invasion of Flanders
Why was the cottage industry and wool manufacturing important for England?
- new bourgeoisie
2. Wool made England rich
What caused the Spanish-English conflict?
getting consumer goods from far east was increasingly difficult
What was the Spanish-English conflict about?
English national interest: getting into trade routes established by Spanish
What did Henry VII do about the Spanish-English conflict?
he started to spend money on ship building
