English Civil War and Cromwell in Ireland Flashcards
Why did a civil war break out(5 points)
Charles spent lots of money on himself and then asked parliament for more money. He also made the country pay ‘ship tax’ to keep up the Royal Navy. He clashed with the scots , he shut down parliament for 11 years and when he asked for money, parliament killed one of his top advisors
What was the battle called in 1642 and who won?
The battle of edge hill where the royalists won
What was the battle called in 1643?
The first ‘battle of Newbury’
What was the battle called in 1644 and who won?
Marsden moor where there was no real winner
What was the battle called in 1645 and who won?
Battle of Naseby and Cromwell and his ‘new model army’ won
Name 4 key people in the civil war and who they supported:
Charles 1 (Royalists), Prince Rupert (Royalists), Oliver Cromwell (Parliamentarians), Thomas Fairfax (Parliamentarians)
When was Charles 1 put on trial?
20 January 1649
Why did Cromwell come to Ireland?
To crush the Irish rebels, to reward those who supported parliament, to defeat the supporters of the King who controlled drogheda and to take land for payment of his soldiers’ wages
How many troops did Cromwell send to drogheda?
10,000
Who was the English officer in command of drogheda?
Sir Arthur Aston
How did James 2 fall out with parliament (4 points)
He kept a large army, he promoted catholic officers in the army, he tried to undo cromwell’s work in Ireland and his son was baptised a catholic
How were William and James 2 related?
Nephew -> Uncle
When did the glorious revolution take place?
1688
Advantages of the cavalry
The land in England was good for them and the could quickly change attacking positions easily
Disadvantages of the musket
They were slow and inaccurate (50 metres max)
Advantages of the pikemen
It was used to force the enemy back. Easy to move around and useful for keeping horses away
Disadvantages of the cannon
Misfires were a common occurrence, they could only be fired every 3 minutes, the were large, bulky and slow
All the Kings during the civil war in order:
Charles 1, Oliver Cromwell, Charles 2, James 2, William and Mary
What 4 weapons were used in the civil war?
Musket, cavalry, cannon and pikemen
What was the restoration?
The British monarchy being restored
What 4 rules were on the bill of rights?
- No catholic would become king
- Catholics were not allowed to vote
- Parliament would decide the laws and taxes, not the King
- Parliament would keep a check on the army
Who was part of the grand alliance against Louis?
King Carlos of Spain The emperor Leopold of Austria The ruler of Prussia The ruler of Bavaria William III, prince of orange Pope innocent II
What was Louis’ plan?
- The help James regain his throne by supporting him in Ireland
- To keep William occupied with the fighting in Ireland for as long as possible
- To use the confliction in Ireland as an advantage over the grand alliance which opposed him in Europe
What was William’s plan?
- To send an army to Ireland to defeat James
- To seek a quick victory and return to his main concern(the war in Europe against Louis)
