English 9: Midterm Review

Question 1

archetype

Answer 1

universal pattern repeated in literature (characters, ideas, themes, symbols, motifs, settings, plots)

Question 2

Epic poem

Answer 2

long narrative in formal style telling of a hero and their adventures. Based on oral tradition. Protag is epic hero. Reveal fears, desires, values of culture

Question 3

Epic hero

Answer 3

Has qualities admired by cultures. Superhuman strength, interference, guide/mentor, temptation, honor/glory, generous-ruthless, victory.

Question 4

Epic plot

Answer 4

Involves a long journey and is full of complications (strange creatures, events, divine intervention, war, etc.)

Question 5

Epic setting

Answer 5

Includes fantastic or exotic lands and more than one nation

Question 6

Epic/Homeric simile

Answer 6

simile comparing 2 unlike things using like or as, great length/detail

Question 7

Epithet

Answer 7

Brief description/specific phrase that characterizes person/thing

Question 8

Archetypes

Answer 8

pattern of characters, situations, settings, events, plots, images recognizable across times and cultures

Question 9

Epic themes

Answer 9

themes reflecting universal concerns (courage, loyalty, beauty)

Question 10

Allusion

Answer 10

reference to famous person/place/event

Question 11

Invocation to the muse

Answer 11

Requesting goddess of epic poetry (Calliope) for divine assistance telling story

Question 12

In medias res

Answer 12

middle of action; where epic usually begins

Question 13

Deus ex machina

Answer 13

divine intervention

Question 14

What are the 7 steps to the Epic Hero Cycle?

Answer 14

1. hero is charged with quest/task
2. hero is tested for worthiness of their quest through battles/hardships
3. hero receives help/interference from gods/supernatural forces
4. hero descends into darkness or supernatural world humans don’t go to
5. hero reaches low point, almost abandons quest
6. hero is resurrected, becomes person they were meant to be
7. hero restored to rightful place

Question 15

allusion

Answer 15

reference to historical event

Question 16

apostrophe

Answer 16

figure of speech, absent person/place/thing is addressed as if they are present/capable of understanding

Question 17

aside

Answer 17

comment by character to audience, where other characters don’t hear

Question 18

blank verse

Answer 18

unrhymed iambic pentameter. most common for shakespeare

Question 19

comic relief

Answer 19

funny scene/speech to lighten mood

Question 20

couplet

Answer 20

two consecutive lines with end rhyme

Question 21

dramatic irony

Answer 21

characters don’t know the situations that the audience knows

Question 22

extended metaphor

Answer 22

comparison with more detail

Question 23

foil

Answer 23

character contrasts another character to emphasize their character traits

Question 24

iambic pentameter

Answer 24

live with 5 metrical feet; one short syllable followed by one long syllable

Question 25

motif

Answer 25

dominant idea in literature that becomes a pattern

Question 26

monologue

Answer 26

uninterrupted speech from one character to another

Question 27

oxymoron

Answer 27

figure of speech combining opposite qualities in close proximity

Question 28

prose

Answer 28

any text not written in poetry

Question 29

pun

Answer 29

humorous use of words that sound alike

Question 30

situational irony

Answer 30

an event contradicts expectations of character or reader

Question 31

soliloquy

Answer 31

long speech, character thinking out loud to communicate with audience

Question 32

sonnet

Answer 32

14 lined poem in iambic pentameter with a rhyme scheme

Question 33

verbal irony

Answer 33

character says one thing, means another (sarcasm)

Question 34

What are some characteristics of Odysseus? What are his goals?

Answer 34

He is intelligent, strong, confident, and prideful. He is a good speaker. He wants to return home and regain glory.

Question 35

What are some characteristics of Telemachus? What are his goals?

Answer 35

He is commanding and sure of himself. He wants to become a better prince and find Odysseus.

Question 36

What are some characteristics of Penelope? What are her goals?

Answer 36

She is loyal, intelligent, and prone to overreacting. She wants Odysseus to return.

Question 37

What are some characteristics of Athena? What are her goals?

Answer 37

She is obviously intelligent and content to watch things play out. She wants Odysseus to continue being smart and stuff.

Question 38

What are some characteristics of Calypso? What are her goals?

Answer 38

She is desperate and intelligent. She wants Odysseus to stay with her on her island.

Question 39

What are some characteristics of Circe? What are her goals?

Answer 39

She is deceptive and cunning. She turned the crewmates into pigs and tried to get Odysseus to stay with her.