ENGLISH 101 Flashcards
The person who sends a message after encoding.
Sender
Is the process of converting the message into codes compatible with the channel and understandable for the receiver.
Encoding
It advocates truthfulness, accuracy, honesty, and reason as essential to the integrity of communication.
Principles of ethical communication
It is the process of changing the encoded message into understandable language by the receiver.
Decoding
The medium through which the message is sent.
Channel
The person who gets the message after decoding.
Receiver
The disruptions that are caused in the communication process in channel or in understandability of the message.
Noise
____ communication model was developed by communication theorist Harold D. Lasswell (1902-1978) in 1948
Lasswell
Lasswell’s Model
-Who (?)
-Says what (?)
-Channel (?)
To whom (?)
With what effect (?)
- Sender
- Message
- Medium
- Receiver
- Feedback
Endorses freedom of expression, diversity of perspective, and tolerance of dissent to achieve the informed and responsible decision making fundamental to a civil society.
Principles of Ethical Communication
Aristotle’s Model is the ____ and _______ model
First, Earliest linear
In ___, David Belo postulated Sender-Message-Channel-Receiver components in the Berlo’s (SMCR)
1960
What are the 3 Models of Communication
Linear Communication, Transactional Model, Interactive Model
Strive to understand and respect other communicators before evaluating and responding to their messages.
Principles of Ethical Communication
Linear Communication
1.
2.
3.
Transactional Model
1.
2.
Interactive Model
1.
2.
Linear Communication
1. Lasswell’s Model
2. Aristotle’s Model
3. Berlo’s SMCR Model
Transactional Model
1. Barlund’s Model
2. Shannon & Weaver Model
Interactive Model
1. Schramm’s Model
2. White’s Model
concerned with moral character and places more weight or value on the dignity of an individual and a humanity’s task of caring for one another.
Virtue Ethics
It is a one way communication
Linear Communication Model
Intimidation and threatening others.
Coercive
3 ethical frameworks:
Deontological Ethics, Utilitarian Ethics, Virtue Ethics.
It plays the passive part in the communication
Receiver
Backstabbing and inappropriate jokes.
Destructive
It’s taken as quantifiable in Shannon Weaver Model
Communication
It is a degree of criticism and praise
Communication ethics
It emphasizes character as opposed to duty or consequence.
Virtue Ethics
is a basic human right, it refers to right to ____, including the freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and opinions of any kind in any form.
Freedom of Expression
Utilitarianism focuses on the consequences of each action or decision.
Utilitarian Ethics
Interpersonal is automatically what model?
Transactional Model
Promotes access to communication resources and opportunities as necessary to fulfill human potential and contribute to the well-being of families, communities, and society.
Principles of Ethical Communication
Eavesdropping, tapping telephones or monitoring Internet use
Intrusive
Internationally, it is protected under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant of Civil and political Rights.
Freedom of Expression
There is no absolute approach to situations, each situation should be addressed as different from each other.
Situational or Contextual Ethics
It is the exchange message between sender and receiver.
Transactional Model of Communication
Linear Communication Model, Transactional Model, and Interactive Model (Models of Communication) or also known as?
Proponents
The imparting or interchange of thoughts, opinions, or information by speech, writing, or signs.
Communication
The legitimacy of fear and emotional appeal
Communication ethics
Hoarding information and cover-ups
Secretive
Used to seek answers and express opinions
Freedom of Expression
It is taken as a new message
Channel (Message Feedback)
Every problem should be evaluated in its particular context or situation
Situational or Contextual Ethics
promotes communication climates of caring and mutual understanding that respect the unique needs and characteristics of individual communicators.
Principles of Ethical Communication
It focuses on the results and whether or not it would benefit the majority.
Utilitarian Ethics
“Concept of Noise”
Linear Communication Model
Give me the 7 words from Aristotle’s Model
S_, M_, L_, E_, S_, A_, O_
Speaker, Message, Listener, Effect, Speech, Audience, Occasion.
Condemn communication that degrades individuals and humanity through distortion, intimidation, coercion, and violence, and through the expression of intolerance and hatred.
Principles of Ethical Communication
Must be balanced against society’s need to maintain order, protect general welfare and public morality.
Ethical Freedom of Expression
Example of Deceptive
Euphemism and lying.
Factors affecting the individual communication, making the communication more efficient
Communication skill
Used for interpersonal communication
Transactional Model
Acts which attempt to gain compliance or control through exploitation
Manipulative-exploitative
The most frequented basis of our decision making process, expressing a commitment to the most basic principles.
Deontological Ethics
No Discrimination between sender and receiver.
Transactional Model
Being committed to the courageous expression of personal convictions in pursuit of fairness and justice.
Principles of Ethical Communication
Maintaining the correct balance between the speaking and listening
Communication ethics
From who’s model is the Concept of Noise
Shannon-Weaver Model
It advocates sharing information, opinions, and feeling when facing significant choices while also respecting privacy and confidentiality.
Principles of Ethical Communication
It Involves interpersonal relationship. As one seeks a path in life, interpersonal relationship ______ invites a balance between distance and closeness in each relationship, which defines the quality of our interpersonal lives (Stewart, 2006)
Interpersonal Responsibility (Sympathy, Empathy)
There should be limits to free expression, but only when it involves harm to others.
Ethical Freedom of Expression
the 2 person who gave us the concept of noise in the second model
Claude Shannon, Warren Weaver
It is regarded as “universal”, always applicable whatever the circumstance is. (We follow these rules since we think of them as duties).
Deontological Ethics
He proposed a transactional model of communication in 1970 for basic interpersonal communication
Dean Barnlund
The act or process of communicating; fact of being communicated
Communication
Shows shared field experience of the sender and receiver.
Barnlunds Model
Accepts responsibility for the short- and long-term consequences for our own communication and expect the same of others.
Principles of Ethical Communication
what model is circular communication
Schramm’s Model
People should refrain from hate speech, the public use of derogatory and offensive language denigrating others, particularly on the basis of race, ethnicity, gender and/or sexual orientation.
Ethical of Freedom of Expression
Used for new communications like internet
Interactive Model
Is an ethical responsibility, not a flaw or a limitation.
Distance
Who said the transmission phase, Feedback phase
Eugene White’s Model
are the things that influence the understanding and interpretation of message like culture, social background, beliefs, experiences, values and rules.
field of experience
Semantic noise included
Schramm’s model
The importance of _____ keeps us from equating interpersonal communication with ever more closeness.
Distance
It included noise and feedback
Barnlund’s Model
Talks about simultaneous message sending
Barnlund’s Model
Slower feedback in turns
Interactive Model
Begins with each person’s commitment to active care for the interpersonal relationship, owned by neither and nurtured with or without the support of the Other.
Interpersonal Responsibility
is used to describe the various means by which individuals and entities relay information through mass media to large segments of the population at the same time.
Mass communication
It is a dynamic and ever changing model
Schramm’s Model
who is considered the father of mass communication in Interactive Model
Wilbur Schramm
It adheres to the insight of Emmanuel Levinas, abandoning the expectation of reciprocity with or without the approval of the Other.
Interpersonal Responsibility
Four Principles of Interpersonal Communication
Inescapable, Irreversible, Complicated, Contextual
3 levels of ethic codes:
Code of Ethics (social issues), Code of conduct (influence to behavior of employees), Code of practice (professional responsibility).
Known as convergence model
Interactive Model
It becomes linear if receiver does not respond
Interactive Model
a system of moral principles
Ethics
A death or an overdose of either of the factors could result in unfavorable consequences.
Communication ethics
Professional communicators are honest, accurate and candid in all communications. This practice encourages the free flow of important information in the interest of the public
Honesty
It is the mass production of messages (message) or information that is intended to reach large amount of people
Mass Communication
Topics to Contextual:
Psychological Context, relational context, situational context, Environmental context, Cultural Context.
meaning of “Development of relationships and communities:
Contexts, Cultures, Channels, Media
deals with values relating to human conduct, with respect to the rightness and wrongness of certain actions and to the goodness and badness of the motives and ends of such actions.
Ethics
Protecting the confidences and privacy rights of employees and customers is the duty of professional communicators. Additionally, they must abide by legal requirements for disclosing information that affect the welfare of others.
Confidentiality
Threatens the quality of all communication and consequently the well-being of individuals and the society.
Unethical Communication
What are the Interpersonal Needs:
Inclusion, Control, Affection
An interpersonal space that nourishes the very thing that keeps persons together interpersonally-relationship.
Distance
The principle of honesty on both sides should be completely applied because any amount of insincerity from either the listener or the speaker would not be prudent.
Communication ethics
5 Corporate Codes of Ethics:
Honesty, Confidentiality, Credit, Free speech, courtesy.
Uses mass media: such as newspapers, TV, radio, books etc.
Mass Communication
it refers to communication with another person.
Interpersonal Communication
The principle governing communication, the right and wrong aspects of it, the moral-immoral dimensions relevant to the Interpersonal communication are called the ethics of?
Interpersonal communication
Give due credit to those who you get ideas from.
Credit
What are the fundamentals of ethical communication?
Responsible thinking, decision making, development of relationships and communities.
Interpersonal communication is subdivided into 3 parts:
Dyadic communication, public communication, small-group communication.
Functions of Interpersonal Communication:
Gaining Information, Building a Context of Understanding, Establishing Identity, Interpersonal Needs.
It provides necessary space for each communicative partner to contribute to the relationship.
Distance
Sensitivity to cultural values and beliefs are crucial
Courtesy
7 Mass Communication Ethics:
Truth, Censorship, Laws, Privacy, Appropriateness, Sensitivity to other cultures, Respect dignity, privacy, and well being of a person.
are moral guidelines that are used to help assist people in making decisions, to tell the difference between ‘right’ and ‘wrong’ and to utilize this understanding to make ethical choices.
Ethic Codes or Ethical Codes
Principles of free ____ and free ideas should be encouraged.
Free Speech
