Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Automotive Lvl 1 > Engine Components > Flashcards

Engine Components Flashcards

1
Q

What drives the pistons in an engine?

A

The crankshaft

Synchronization between the crankshaft and pistons is crucial for engine operation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What should be aligned when working on timing belts?

A

Marks

Ensure marks are in the correct order for proper timing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

At what speed do camshafts turn in relation to crankshafts?

A

Half the speed

This relationship is important for engine timing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What typically drives the oil pump?

A

The crankshaft or camshaft

The oil pump uses a pressure regulator valve to manage high pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What should be checked before removing pistons?

A

Ridges

Use a ridge reamer if necessary to avoid damage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What supports the crankshaft in an engine?

A

Main journals

Connecting rod journals attach the connecting rods.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What can avoid crankshaft damage during piston installation/removal?

A

Special protective sleeves

These sleeves provide a barrier during the process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What can excessive bearing wear lead to?

A

Oil pressure drops

This can significantly affect engine performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are common causes of bearing failure?

A

Overload, high RPMs, or engine lugging

These factors can severely impact engine health.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do frost plugs help prevent?

A

Block cracking during freezing

They are a critical component in colder climates.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the recommended antifreeze and water mix ratio?

A

50/50

This mixture helps prevent engine freeze damage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where does cylinder wear occur mostly?

A

At the top due to combustion and side thrust

Measurement tools like bore gauges are used to assess this wear.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of oil in an engine?

A

Preventing metal-to-metal contact

Engine oil clearances have decreased over time.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does an oil filter do?

A

Filters out particulate matter

Regular inspection of the filter can reveal engine health.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What type of radiators are typically used for efficient cooling?

A

Cross-flow radiators

They are designed to enhance the cooling process.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does a thermostat maintain in an engine?

A

Coolant temperature

This is essential for optimal engine performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the camshaft control in an engine?

A

Valve timings

It is synchronized with the crankshaft for proper operation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why is valve adjustment necessary?

A

To maintain clearance and allow for thermal expansion

This ensures proper valve operation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What can over-tightening bolts lead to?

A

Failure

TTY bolts should be replaced after use to prevent issues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do various gasket materials help prevent?

A

Leaks

Proper installation is crucial for gasket effectiveness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does multi-grade oil do?

A

Adjusts viscosity based on temperature

This ensures proper lubrication across temperature variations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why is frequent oil change important?

A

Prevents wear and extends engine life

Regular maintenance is key to engine longevity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Understanding engine mechanics is crucial for what?

A

Maintenance and troubleshooting

Proper alignment and lubrication are fundamental.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What does a compression test measure?
Cylinder pressure ## Footnote Low compression indicates worn rings, valves, or head gasket leaks.
26
What is the purpose of a vacuum test?
Detects vacuum leaks or engine breathing issues ## Footnote It helps identify air leaks affecting engine performance.
27
What does a leak-down test determine?
Sources of compression loss
28
What is a common cause of low power in an engine?
Fuel or ignition issue
29
What does blue smoke from the exhaust indicate?
Burning oil, worn piston rings
30
What does white smoke from the exhaust indicate?
Coolant leak, head gasket failure
31
What are the proper disassembly steps for an engine?
Keeping parts organized
32
Name one cleaning method used in engine disassembly.
Solvent cleaning, thermal cleaning, shot blasting
33
What is the dye penetrant test used for?
Detecting cracks
34
What are the two types of cylinder heads?
Aluminum, cast iron
35
What components are part of the valve train?
Valves, valve springs, retainers, seats, guides
36
What is a common issue with valves?
Burnt valves, worn valve seats
37
What does valve grinding do?
Restores sealing surfaces
38
What are the parts of a piston?
Skirt, crown, ring grooves
39
What is the function of compression rings?
Seal combustion chamber
40
What do oil control rings do?
Regulate oil film
41
What types of bearings support the crankshaft?
Main bearings, rod bearings
42
What is a symptom of worn piston rings?
Low compression, oil burning
43
What is the primary function of a crankshaft?
Converts piston movement to rotational motion
44
What is the purpose of balance shafts?
Reduce engine vibration
45
What is the difference between pushrod and overhead cam (OHC) engines?
Camshaft location and operation
46
What are the two types of timing components?
Timing belts, timing chains
47
What does low oil pressure indicate?
Worn bearings, weak pump
48
What components are part of a cooling system?
Radiator, water pump, thermostat, hoses
49
What is a common issue with cooling systems?
Overheating
50
What can cause blue smoke from the exhaust?
Burning oil due to worn piston rings or valve seals
51
What is the main function of an oil filter?
Removes contaminants from oil
52
What is the function of a thermostat in the cooling system?
Regulates coolant temperature
53
Fill in the blank: A _______ test identifies misfiring cylinders.
Cylinder balance
54
True or False: The leak-down test measures how quickly a cylinder loses compression.
True
55
True or False: A gerotor pump is the most common type of oil pump in modern engines.
True
56
What is a common symptom of a blown head gasket?
White smoke
57
What should you never do when the engine is hot?
Open the radiator cap
58
59
What is the main structure that houses cylinders, pistons, and crankshaft?
Cylinder Block ## Footnote The cylinder block is essential for the engine's structural integrity and function.
60
What component contains valves, spark plugs, and the combustion chamber?
Cylinder Head ## Footnote The cylinder head is critical for the intake and exhaust processes.
61
What is the function of pistons in an engine?
Move up and down inside the cylinders, creating power ## Footnote Pistons are fundamental to the engine's power generation.
62
What converts the up-and-down motion of pistons into rotational motion?
Crankshaft ## Footnote The crankshaft is a key component in the engine's power delivery system.
63
What controls the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves?
Camshaft ## Footnote The camshaft timing is crucial for optimal engine performance.
64
What does the intake valve do?
Lets in air-fuel mixture ## Footnote The intake valve is essential for the combustion process.
65
What is the purpose of the exhaust valve?
Releases burned gases ## Footnote The exhaust valve ensures the removal of combustion byproducts.
66
What synchronizes the camshaft and crankshaft?
Timing Belt/Chain ## Footnote Proper timing is vital for engine efficiency and performance.
67
What is the first stroke of the four-stroke cycle?
Intake ## Footnote The intake stroke begins the cycle by drawing in the air-fuel mixture.
68
What happens during the compression stroke?
Piston moves up, compressing the mixture ## Footnote Compression increases the efficiency of the combustion process.
69
What ignites the air-fuel mixture during the power stroke?
Spark plug ## Footnote The spark plug is crucial for initiating combustion.
70
What is the function of the radiator in the cooling system?
Cools engine coolant by air flow ## Footnote The radiator plays a key role in maintaining engine temperature.
71
What component circulates coolant through the engine?
Water Pump ## Footnote The water pump is essential for effective cooling.
72
What regulates coolant flow based on temperature?
Thermostat ## Footnote The thermostat helps maintain optimal engine operating conditions.
73
What maintains pressure and prevents coolant loss in the cooling system?
Radiator Cap ## Footnote The radiator cap is vital for preventing overheating.
74
What transports coolant between the engine and radiator?
Hoses ## Footnote Hoses are crucial for the coolant flow in the cooling system.
75
What is a common cooling problem related to low coolant?
Overheating ## Footnote Low coolant levels can lead to severe engine damage.
76
What reduces friction and wear inside the engine?
Lubrication System ## Footnote The lubrication system is critical for engine longevity.
77
What component circulates oil through the engine?
Oil Pump ## Footnote The oil pump is essential for maintaining proper lubrication.
78
What removes dirt and contaminants from the engine oil?
Oil Filter ## Footnote Regular oil filter changes are important for engine health.
79
What stores oil at the bottom of the engine?
Oil Pan ## Footnote The oil pan is crucial for oil storage and management.
80
What is a symptom of low oil pressure?
Oil warning light ## Footnote Low oil pressure can lead to engine failure if not addressed.
81
What is the function of the carburetor in older engines?
Mixes air and fuel before entering the engine ## Footnote Carburetors were common before fuel injection systems became prevalent.
82
What sprays fuel directly into the cylinders in modern engines?
Fuel Injection ## Footnote Fuel injection systems provide improved performance and efficiency.
83
What cleans incoming air in the fuel and air systems?
Air Filter ## Footnote A clean air filter is essential for optimal engine performance.
84
What controls air entering the engine?
Throttle Body ## Footnote The throttle body regulates engine power and efficiency.
85
What produces the spark needed to ignite the air-fuel mixture?
Spark Plug ## Footnote Spark plugs must be in good condition for reliable engine operation.
86
What amplifies voltage for the spark plug?
Ignition Coil ## Footnote The ignition coil is key for generating a strong spark.
87
What sends spark to the correct cylinder in older engines?
Distributor ## Footnote Distributors were common in older ignition systems.
88
What controls ignition timing in modern engines?
ECU (Electronic Control Unit) ## Footnote The ECU optimizes engine performance through precise control.
89
What collects exhaust gases in the exhaust system?
Exhaust Manifold ## Footnote The exhaust manifold is critical for directing exhaust out of the engine.
90
What reduces harmful emissions in the exhaust system?
Catalytic Converter ## Footnote Catalytic converters are essential for meeting environmental regulations.
91
What reduces engine noise in the exhaust system?
Muffler ## Footnote The muffler helps to make the vehicle quieter during operation.
92
What is a symptom of a clogged catalytic converter?
Poor performance ## Footnote Clogged catalytic converters can severely affect engine efficiency.
93
What is engine displacement?
Volume of all cylinders ## Footnote Displacement is measured in liters or cubic inches and affects engine power.
94
What does a higher compression ratio indicate?
More power ## Footnote Higher compression ratios can lead to increased engine efficiency.
95
What component moves fuel from the tank to the engine?
Fuel Pump ## Footnote The fuel pump is essential for delivering fuel to the combustion chamber.
96
What detects how much the throttle is open?
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) ## Footnote The TPS is critical for proper engine management.
97
What measures air entering the engine?
Mass Airflow Sensor (MAF) ## Footnote The MAF helps optimize the air-fuel mixture for combustion.
98
What monitors exhaust gases to adjust fuel mixture?
Oxygen Sensor (O2 Sensor) ## Footnote The O2 sensor is vital for ensuring efficient combustion.
99
What helps regulate engine temperature?
Coolant Temperature Sensor (CTS) ## Footnote The CTS is important for maintaining optimal engine operation.
100
What tracks crankshaft speed for ignition timing?
Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP) ## Footnote The CKP is crucial for accurate ignition timing control.
101
What tool reads engine trouble codes?
OBD-II Scanner ## Footnote The OBD-II scanner provides essential diagnostic information.
102
What tool tests voltage, resistance, and continuity?
Multimeter ## Footnote The multimeter is an essential tool for electrical diagnostics.
103
What checks if cylinders have proper compression?
Compression Tester ## Footnote A compression tester is crucial for assessing engine health.

Automotive Lvl 1 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions