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Automotive Lvl 1 > Electrical > Flashcards

Electrical Flashcards

1
Q

What are the basic principles of electricity?

A

Basic principles of electricity include terms used to describe electricity, use of Ohm’s Law, types of electrical circuits, and understanding series vs. parallel circuits.

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2
Q

Define magnetism.

A

Magnetism is produced by the controlled movement of electrons.

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3
Q

What is the flow of electricity?

A

Electricity is the flow of electrons from one atom to another.

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4
Q

What are the three conditions necessary for a continuous flow of electricity?

A
  • An excess of electrons in one place
  • A lack of electrons in another place
  • A path between the two places
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5
Q

What is an Ampere?

A

An Ampere is the unit of electrical current.

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6
Q

What does voltage represent?

A

Voltage represents electrical pressure, the force developed by the attraction of electrons to protons.

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7
Q

What is resistance?

A

Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current.

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8
Q

What is a sine wave?

A

A sine wave shows alternating current (AC) changing in amplitude and direction.

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9
Q

Fill in the blank: A completed circuit is called a _______.

A

closed circuit.

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10
Q

What is the definition of Electromotive Force (EMF)?

A

EMF is the force used to move electrons between atoms, measured in volts.

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11
Q

What does Ohm’s Law state?

A

Ohm’s Law states that current is directly proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance.

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12
Q

What is the formula for calculating power (P)?

A

P = I x E

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13
Q

What are the components of most automotive circuits?

A
  • Power sources
  • Conductors
  • Loads
  • Controllers
  • Circuit protection devices
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14
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

A series circuit consists of one or more resistors connected to a voltage source with only one path for electron flow.

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15
Q

What is a parallel circuit?

A

A parallel circuit has more than one path for current to follow, with each path having separate resistors.

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16
Q

True or False: In a parallel circuit, the total circuit resistance is always higher than the resistance of the branch with the lowest resistance.

A

False.

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17
Q

What is the relationship between voltage and current in a circuit with constant resistance according to Ohm’s Law?

A

Current is directly proportional to voltage.

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18
Q

What happens to current if resistance increases with constant voltage?

A

Current decreases.

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19
Q

What is the significance of Kirchhoff’s Law?

A

Kirchhoff’s Law states that the sum of voltage drops in a closed circuit equals the voltage applied to that circuit.

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20
Q

What is the effect of corrosion on electrical circuits?

A

Corrosion increases resistance, which decreases current flow.

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The unit of electrical power is measured in _______.

A

watts.

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22
Q

What is the advantage of using higher voltage batteries in vehicles?

A

Higher voltage reduces the need for large wires and improves efficiency.

23
Q

What materials are considered good conductors?

A
  • Copper
  • Silver
  • Aluminum
24
Q

What is the function of insulators?

A

Insulators resist the flow of current.

25
What does the term 'load' refer to in electrical systems?
Load refers to electrical energy that produces any kind of work.
26
What is the relationship between the diameter of a wire and its resistance?
If the diameter is doubled, the resistance is cut in half.
27
28
What is the direction of magnetic lines of force?
From north pole to south pole outside the magnet
29
True or False: Magnetic lines of force can cross each other.
False
30
What do magnetic lines of force act like?
Rubber bands
31
What material is used to concentrate flux lines?
Soft iron
32
Fill in the blank: Soft iron has a higher _______ than air.
permeability
33
What happens to flux lines as the current in a conductor increases?
Lines of force around the conductor also increase
34
What is residual magnetism?
A magnetic effect that may remain in a material when the magnetizing force is removed
35
What rule is used to find the direction of the magnetic field in current-carrying conductors?
Right-hand rule
36
How do you apply the right-hand rule for current-carrying conductors?
Grasp conductor with right hand, thumb in direction of current flow, fingers point to direction of flux lines
37
What is an electromagnet?
A current-carrying coil of wire wrapped around a ferromagnetic core
38
What determines the magnetic strength of an electromagnet?
Current flowing in and the number of coils
39
What is the formula to calculate electromagnetic strength in ampere-turns?
Number of turns of the coil multiplied by the current in amps
40
What is a solenoid?
A coil of wire that acts like a magnet when current flows through it
41
What happens to the core of a solenoid when the switch is on?
The core is drawn into the coil
42
What is induced voltage?
Voltage developed in a conductor when it moves through a magnetic field
43
What factors determine the amount of induced voltage?
* Speed of conductor through the field * Angle of intersection with the magnetic field * Strength of the magnetic field * Number of conductors moving through the field
44
What is self-induction?
Voltage produced within a coil as the magnetic field collapses
45
How can arching at a switch be prevented?
* Install a high resistance in parallel with the coil * Use a clamping diode across the coil
46
What occurs during mutual induction?
Voltage is induced in one conductor by the movement of a magnetic field around another conductor
47
What is the turns ratio in mutual induction?
Comparison of the number of turns in the primary winding to the number of turns in the secondary winding
48
Fill in the blank: In a transformer, the power into the primary is approximately equal to the power out of the _______.
secondary
49
What is harmful mutual induction?
Unwanted effects with low voltage devices caused by magnetic interaction
50
How can harmful mutual induction be reduced?
* Separate conductors * Use capacitors, twisted pair wires, and clamping diodes
51
What is electromagnetic induction?
Process of producing voltages by moving magnetic fields through conductors
52
What is the stationary frame in electromagnetic induction called?
Stator
53
What factors determine the intensity of voltage produced in electromagnetic induction?
* Number of conductors cut by the magnetic field * Angle at which flux lines cut through the conductor * Speed of lines of force cutting through the conductor * Strength of the magnetic field

Automotive Lvl 1 (11 decks)

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