Engage Cross-Culturally Flashcards
___ is the ability to adapt to a culture other than your own while maintaining your own cultural identity.
cultural resiliency
___ is a system of shared values, beliefs, behaviors, and norms people use to cope with both their physical and social environments, which is learned through interacting with others
culture
___ is interpersonal interactions by Soldiers and leaders with audiences in an area of operations.
engagement
The basic components of culture can be divided into four inter-related areas:
- VBBN model
- types of cultures
- norms of interaction
- behaviors
VBBN:
values, beliefs, behaviors and norms
___ are observable patterns of action, while ___ are a range of permissible behaviors established by a group.
behaviors, norms
Cultures throughout the world can be broadly classified by their ___ and their ___
communication style, degree of dependence
2 communication styles:
high context, low context
in ___ communication, most of the information is already in the person, while very little is in the coded, explicit, transmitted part of the message.
high context
in ___ communication, knowledge and behavior are generally explicit, with meaning directly accessible in the situation and surroundings. (art show, international airport)
low context
Countries like the US and Germany closely identify with ___ while countries like China and Iraq identify with ___
Individualism, collectivism
Norms of Interaction acronym:
FRESH-T
FRESH-T: (norms of interaction)
Fate (destiny)
Roles (gender, age, kinship)
Emotions (open or hidden)
Space (territory, physical contact, eye contact)
Honor (priority?)
Time (monochronic (ordered) vs polychronic (looser))
6 communication styles:
- Direct- (low-context sensitivity)
- Indirect- polite (high-context sensitivity)
- Task-focused (no small talk or slackers)
- Relationship-focused
- Attached (passionate)
- Detached (impersonal)
___ comprises understanding, respect, and trust. No amount of resources or firepower can compensate for a lack of ___ between advisor and Foreign Security Forces counterpart.
rapport
rapport building first develops ___,which builds into ___, and eventually grows into mutual ___
understanding, respect, trust
3C: (culture)
cross-cultural competency
2 conceptual FRAMEWORKS that assist in Leader Engagements:
- conflict resolution process
- KLE cycle
3 phases of the conflict resolution process:
- Prepare
- Implement
- Evaluate
7 steps of LE Cycle
- Identify Key leader or entity
- Intelligence preparation of the environment
- Identify desired effects
- Prepare
- Implement/Execute
- Debrief/Report
- Re-engage
A ___ is a communication process between two or more parties with the goal of resolving conflict.
negotiation
A ___ is the best each party hopes to get out of a negotiated agreement. Both rational and reasonable.
Aspiration point
The ___ is the least favorable option or offer either side might accept.
Reservation point
BATNA: (negotiating)
Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement
3 keys to determining a valid BATNA:
- must be option you can execute unilaterally
- must be realistic
- must be credible to negotiating counterpart
ZOPA: (negotiating)
Zone Of Possible Agreement
The overlap between negotiating parties Aspiration and Reservation points is called the ___
Zone of possible agreement (ZOPA)
2 basic categories into which most negotiation strategies fall:
- Distributive
2. Integrative
___ negotiations are essentially zero-sum. Any gain by one side represents a loss for the other. Conflict is inevitable.
Distributive
The zero-sum approach can be executed through one of three negotiating strategies presented in this article; parties can ___ ___ or ___
comply, insist, settle
___ negotiations are possibly mutually beneficial. Can be executed through a ___ or win-win negotiations strategy.
Integrative, cooperative
IBN: (negotiating)
Interest Based Negotiations
5 essential components of Interest Based Negotiations (IBN):
- Separate the people from the problem
- Focus on the interests not the position
- Determine BATNA
- Brainstorm for Mutual Gains
- Use Objective Criteria to measure fairness or reasonableness of the agreement
