eng 211 chapter 5

Question 1

linguistic expression

Answer 1

a piece of language, it has a certain form or meaning

Question 2

ungrammatical

Answer 2

string of words that don’t form a sentence

Question 3

grammatical

Answer 3

when a string of words form a sentence in that language

Question 4

subject

Answer 4

occurs immediately to the left of the verb

Question 5

object

Answer 5

occurs immediately to the right of the verb

Question 6

principle of compositionality

Answer 6

the way meanings of expressions in a sentence are syntactically combined

Question 7

lexical expressions

Answer 7

a linguistic expression that has to be listed in the mental lexicon

Question 8

phrasal expressions

Answer 8

a linguistic expression that results from the syntactic combination of smaller expressions.a sentence is a special kind of phrasal expression

Question 9

syntactic properties

Answer 9

properties of linguistic expressions that dictate how they can syntactically combine with other expressions namely word order and co-occurrence properties

Question 10

word order

Answer 10

is how expressions are allowed to be in order with one another

Question 11

co-occurrence

Answer 11

when more than one expressions can occur in a sentence together

Question 12

complements

Answer 12

are non subject arguments

Question 13

topicalized

Answer 13

a syntactic process by which a syntactic constituent occurs the beginning of a sentence in order to highlight the topic under discussion

Question 14

adjuncts

Answer 14

expressions whose occurrence in a sentence is optional

Question 15

modifiers

Answer 15

optional or dispensable part of a sentence also known as a adjuncts

Question 16

agreement

Answer 16

the phenomenon by which certain expressions in a sentence must be inflectionally marked for the same person,number gender ect…

Question 17

syntactic constituent

Answer 17

a group of linguistic expressions that function as a syntactic unit within some lager expression the smaller expressions out of which some larger phrasal expression was constructed in accordance with the phrase structure rules.

Question 18

cleft

Answer 18

a kind of sentence that have constituent to the left

Question 19

syntactic disribution

Answer 19

when two expressions have similar syntactic properties and can be interchangeable in a sentence

Question 20

noun phrases

Answer 20

the name of a syntactic category that consists of proper names proper nouns and all other expressions with the same syntactic distribution

Question 21

adjectives

Answer 21

a word or phrase naming an attribute, added to or grammatically related to a noun to modify or describe it.

Question 22

determiners

Answer 22

lexical and syntactic category that consists of expressions such as (the,a, this, all…)syntactically consists of those expressions that when combined with an expression of category noun to their right result in an expression of category noun phrase

Question 23

verb phrase

Answer 23

the name of a syntactic category that consists of all expressions which if combined with a noun phrase to their left result in a sentence

Question 24

intransitive verbs

Answer 24

verb that requires no complements

Question 25

transitive verbs

Answer 25

verbs that require a noun phrase complement to form a verb phrase

Question 26

sentential verbs

Answer 26

verbs that require a complement of category S to form a verb phrase

Question 27

ditransitive verbs

Answer 27

syntactic category that consists of the expressions that if combined with two expressions of a category np to their right result in a verb phrase. a verb that needs a two noun phrase complements

Question 28

adverb

Answer 28

a word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word group, expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, caus

Question 29

structural ambiguity

Answer 29

single string of words is the form of more than one distinct phrasal expression

Question 30

prepositional phrase

Answer 30

consists of expressions that contain a preposition and a noun phrase.can be vpa or na

Question 31

preposition

Answer 31

lexical and syntactic category that have expressions that consists of expressions such as (of,in for,with)syntactically, this category consist of those expressions that when combined with an expression of category NP to their right results in a prepositional phrase.

Question 32

vp adjuncts

Answer 32

adverbs combined with verb phrase to form an expression of category verb phrase

Question 33

n adjuncts

Answer 33

a kind of adjunct that combines with an expression of syntactic category noun with the resulting expression also being of category noun

Question 34

phrase structure rules

Answer 34

used to capture patterns of syntactic combination

Question 35

phrase structure tree

Answer 35

is a method to display the phrase structure rules

Question 36

homophony

Answer 36

single word corresponds to expressions that differ in meaning also known as lexical ambiguity

Question 37

lexical entries

Answer 37

linguistic properties within a descriptive grammar of some language.

Question 38

ambiguity

Answer 38

when a single linguistic form can be can be the form of more than on distinct linguistic expression

Question 39

lexical ambiguity

Answer 39

where a single word is the form of two or more distinct linguistic expressions that differ in meaning or sytactic properties

Question 40

sentence

Answer 40

a syntactic category that consists of all phrasal expressions that can grammatically occur.