Energy Systems Flashcards
Define Energy
The property of matter which manifests as a capacity to perform work (such as causing motion or the interaction of molecules).
Intramuscular ATP Stores contain….
- Intramuscular ATP stores limited to 24 mmol/kg dry mass.
- Intramuscular ATP store limited to 24 mmol/kg dry mass
- Sufficient to fuel -2s of contraction during maximal exercise.
What is the function of myofibrilar ATPase?
3 marks
- Enzyme that cataylyses this reaction.
- Enables the hydrolysation of ATP to ADP.
- Located in head of myosin molecule.
Define Anabolism/Catabolism
A= (re)phosphorylation C= Hydrolysis
3 Energy Systems
Anaerobic Pathway - 1 ATP/PC System (Phosphagen) (6-10 seconds)
2. Glycolytic (Lactic Acid) (6-30 seconds)
Aerobic Pathway- 3. Mitochondrial Respiration (+3-4 hours)
What is the ATP Resynthesis equation for Aerobic and Anaerobic?
Ana- PCr + ADP + H -> ATP + Cr
Glucose + 2 ADP + 2Pi -> 2ATP +2Pi -> 2 ATP +2H20 + 2 lactate
a) ADP+ADP-> ATP+AMP
b) AMP->IMP +NH3 (deamination)
Aer- Substrate (substrates = CHO & FFA) + ADP + O2->ATP +CO2
What does glycolysis convert glucose to?
Pyruvate
Explain the energy yield of the LA system.
Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate.
Requires an input of 2 ATP
However the yield is an output of 4 ATP.
Balance is a gain of 2 ATP per glucose molecule converterd to pyruvate.
What is pyruvate converted to with the presence of oxygen and without?
Pyruvate-> AcetylCoA (with)
Pyruvate-> lactate dehydrogenase
What is the ATP yield of glucose in Aerobic Metabolism?
29.85 ATP/glucose
What is the ATP yield of Fatty Acid in Aerobic Metabolism?
Energy yield = 106 ATP
Describe the association between exercise intensity and fuel utilisation.
1) At rest, most energy come from fat with minimal contribution of CHO.
2) with increasing intensity CHO utilisation increases and fat reduces
3) Training and SNS stimulation may affect substrate utilisation.
How does fuel selection change with fitness levels?
Less fitness = greater reliance on CHO/ anaerobic energy systems.
