Energy Systems

Question 1

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Answer 1

Energy is not created or destroyed, but converted from one form to another

Question 2

What is the most obvious general application of the first law of thermodynamics to humans?

Answer 2

Intake of food (chemical energy) turned into biological work and heat

Question 3

What are the 3 kinds of Biological Work?

Answer 3

• Mechanical Work
• Chemical Work
• Transport Work

Question 4

How much ATP is stored at any given time in the body?

Answer 4

100-250g

Question 5

What are the 3 energy systems to re-synthesise ATP?

Answer 5

Immediate: ATP-PCr/Phosphagen
Short-term: Glycolytic
Long-term: Oxidative

Question 6

how many kcal of ATP, PCr, Glycogen and Fat is there stored in a typical 70kg man?

Answer 6

ATP: 1
PCr: 4
Glycogen: 1400
Fat: 3800

Question 7

How does indirect calorimetry work?

Answer 7

-Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide collected, used to estimate fuel metabolism and therefore energy expenditure can be estimated

Question 8

What is Respiratory Exchange Ratio?

Answer 8

Ratio of O2 and CO2 in expired air

Question 9

What can RER tell us?

Answer 9

Indication of substrate usage

Question 10

What are the ranges of RER values and what do they mean?

Answer 10

0. 7-1.0
1. 7 = Predominantly fat usage
2. 0 = predominantly carb usage