energy systems Flashcards
what accounts for most of ATP
sarcolemma Na+ - K+ pump and interactions between myosin cross-bridges and binding sites on adjacent actin filaments
atp utilisation equation
atp + h2o –> adp + Pi + H+
what do NAD+,NADP+,FAD do
serve as oxidants by accepting H from reduced metabolites
what do NADH,NADPH,FADH2 do
serve as reductants donating an elecron (lose H)
final products of glycolysis?
pyruvate
what depends whether pyruvate enters krebs cycle or is converted to lactate?
depends on the oxidation state of the tissue
what happens when o2 is present
pyruvate oxidation into acetyl CoA and into krebs cycle
what happens in anaerobic conditions to pyruvate
converted to lactate dehydrogenase enzymee
where does pyruvate oxidation occur
mitochondrion
what electron carriers are generated in krebs cycle
NADH and FADH
what does the ETC regenerate
NAD+ and FAD+ ions
key point of ETC
produce energy for atp production in oxidative phosphorylation
- it occurs in mitochondrial matrix
whats the issue w absolute conc of atp in muscles
its too small so resynthesis is critical to sustain muscle contraction
what fuels are oxidised in oxidative phosphorykation
fats and carbs are broken down and oxidised
what provides 2nd stage fine-tuning of metabolic enzymes
ATP hydrolysis products
what type of enzyme is creatine kinase
near equilibrium
what type of enzyme is phosphorylase
non equilibrium enzyme
glycolysis subs level phosphorylation
Glucose → glucose-6-phosphate → fructose-6-phosphate → fructose-1-6-biphosphate→ pyruvate
why is lactate production important
generate NAD+ ion
