Energy Systems Flashcards
How is energy stored and used
Molecule gives energy for movement once broken down
Where does energy come from?
Food
What do we use energy for?
Movement
Duration of Slow Component of EPOC - glycogen replenishment (Lactic Recovery)
1-24 Hours depending on duration and intensity
What happens during fast component of EPOC recovery (Alactic Recovery)?
ATP and PC resynthesised using oxygen
30s for partial recovery
3 minutes for full restoration
Disadvantages of Aerobic System of Recovery
Complex, slow, oxygen needed
fatty acid transportation to muscle is low and requires 15% more O2
Advantages of ATP-PC System
Rapid ATP resynthesis
PC stores can be replenished quickly
No Fatiguing by products
Which energy system is used in short high intensity (less than 10 seconds)
ATP PC e.g long jump/100m
Describe the key aspects of the ATP/PC Energy System
Type of Reaction: Anaerobic
Location: Sarcoplasm
Chemical/Food Fuel Used: P-C
ATP Produced: 1ATP
By Products: P+C (non fatiguing)
Describe the key aspects of the Lactic Acid Energy System
Type of Reaction: Anaerobic
Location: Sarcoplasm
Chemical/Food Fuel Used: Glycogen/Glucose
ATP Produced: 2ATP
By Products: Lactic Acid (fatiguing)
Describe the key aspects of the Aerobic Energy System
Type of Reaction: Aerobic
Location: AG: Sarcoplasm KC: Mitochondrial Matrix ETC: Motochondial Christae
Chemical/Food Fuel Used: Glycogen and fats
ATP Produced: 38ATP (AG:2, KC:2, ETC:38)
By Products: H2O + CO2
Describe how ATP is broken down
· ATP is the only useable source of energy for muscular contraction.
· ATP is adenosine triphosphate.
· The third bond is broken down by the enzyme ATPase.
· When this bond is broken it releases exothermic energy that is used for muscle contraction.
· The by-products of this are ADP and P.
Describe how ATP is resynthesised
· There is only 2-3 seconds of ATP stored in the muscles.
· It has to be re-synthesised so muscular contraction can continue.
· Endothermic energy from the ATP-PC, Lactic Acid and Aerobic Energy Systems is used to resynthesize ATP.
· ADP + P = ATP
Describe the stages of the ATP-PC energy system
· The ATP-PC system is used for high intensity exercise that lasts a short duration (max 8-10 seconds).
· P-C is stored in the muscle sarcoplasm.
· Creatine Kinase is released to breakdown the bond between P-C.
· When this bond is broken the energy is used endothermically to resynthesize 1 ATP.
Describe the stages of the Lactic Acid Energy System
Glycogen
Glycogen Phosphorylase
Glucose
Phosphofructokinase
Pyruvic Acid
Lactate De-Hydrogenase
Lactic Acid