Energy Systems

Question 1

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 1

Adenosine Triphosphate

Question 2

What does ATP do?

Answer 2

Provides the energy for movement. (ie. a muscular contraction)

Question 3

How much ATP is readily available for use?

Answer 3

About 1-2 seconds of Maximal Intensity Exercise

Question 4

How do you get more ATP?

Answer 4

By Resynthesizing (replenishing) ATP and this occurs by using the fuels PC, Carbohydrates and Fats.

Question 5

What is Rate?

Answer 5

How fast ATP is required

Question 6

What is Yield?

Answer 6

Amount of ATP required

Question 7

What factors affect how much energy each system contributes?

Answer 7

• The duration of the exercise (Yield)
• The intensity of the exercise (Rate)
• The availability of oxygen

Question 8

What is PC (or CP)?

Answer 8

Phosphocreatine - Chemical Fuel

PC is utilised rapidly and resynthesises ATP very, very quickly (but it has a small yield).

Question 9

What are Carbohydrates (CHO’s)?

Answer 9

• Can be utilised Anaerobically and aerobically
  -They have more bonds than PC, this takes longer
  so ATP is resynthesised slightly slower.

Question 10

What are Fats?

Answer 10

Fats can only be utilised aerobically and
because these are ‘large’ molecules, they take a
long time to resynthesised ATP.

Question 11

What are the two types of fats?

Answer 11

Free fatty Acids - Bloodstream

Triglycerides - Stored

Question 12

What are the two types of CHO’s?

Answer 12

Glycogen - Stored

Glucose - Bloodstream

Question 13

What is Glycogen Sparing?

Answer 13

With training, larger amounts of fat/ lipids can be utilised along with carbohydrate. This allows the athlete to conserve carbohydrates for later in the performance.

Question 14

What are the 3 Energy Systems?

Answer 14

1. ATP-PC system
2. Anaerobic Glycolysis system
3. Aerobic System

Question 15

What is the fuel for the ATP-PC system?

Answer 15

Phosphocreatine

Question 16

What is the rate of ATP production in the ATP-PC system?

Answer 16

Rapid (Fastest)

Question 17

What is the yield of ATP in the ATP-PC system?

Answer 17

Very low - Up to 10 secs (0.7ATP)

Question 18

What happens after 5 seconds of maximal effort?

Answer 18

After 5 secs of maximal activity CP stores are 50% depleted and the Anaerobic Glycolysis system becomes the major contributor.

Question 19

What is the fuel for the Anaerobic Glycolysis system?

Answer 19

Muscle Glycogen (Glucose)

Question 20

What is the rate of ATP production in the Anaerobic Glycolysis system?

Answer 20

Fast rate (Slower than ATP-PC System)

Question 21

What is the yield of ATP in the Anaerobic Glycolysis system?

Answer 21

Low - Up to 90 secs maximal (2-3ATP)

Question 22

What is the by product(s) of the Anaerobic Glycolysis system?

Answer 22

Lactic Acid (Lactate and H+ ions)

Question 23

What is the fuel for the Aerobic System?

Answer 23

Glycogen, Triglycerides and Amino Acids

Question 24

How many ATP in fats?

Answer 24

441

Question 25

How many ATP in carbs?

Answer 25

38

Question 26

What is the rate of ATP production in the Aerobic System?

Answer 26

Low rate

Question 27

What is the yield of ATP in the Aerobic System?

Answer 27

High Yield

Question 28

What are the by products of the Aerobic System?

Answer 28

Carbon Dioxide, Heat and Water

Question 29

What is Interplay?

Answer 29

• All three systems contributing to ATP production, but to varying amounts.
• As one system increases its energy contribution, the other two energy systems are also affected.