Energy Systems Flashcards
What is the ATP-PC System
It is an anaerobic reaction to re-synthesise ATP
What is ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
What fuel does the ATP-PC System use
Creatine phosphate (PC)
How long does the ATP-PC System last for
3-10 seconds
How long is the recovery time for the ATP-PC systems
3 minutes
What sports is the ATP-PC System used in
Shot put, javelin
Describe the process of the ATP-PC System
1) ATP requires re-synthesising
2) PC is present in the muscle cell
3) PC is broken down to provide the energy required to re-synthesise.
4) 1 PC molecule produces 1 new ATP molecule
What are the advantages of the ATP-PC System
1) PC is already in muscles, so it’s readily available- it doesn’t need to be be fetched from other organs
2) No O² is required- body doesn’t need to increase breathing rate
3) Energy production is quick as it’s a simple reaction
4) No negative by-products
What is the lactic acid system
Is an anaerobic glycolysis reaction to re-synthesise ATP
What fuel does the Lactic acid system use
Glycogen
How long does the Lactic acid system last for
10 seconds to 2 minutes
How long is the recovery time of the Lactic acid system
1 to 2 hours
What sports is the lactic acid system used in
Tennis, badminton
What is glucose
The sugar in our blood stream that our body uses for energy
What is glycogen
Is a stored form of energy
Describe the process of the lactic acid system
1) ATP needs re-synthesising
2) Glycogen is present in muscle cell and liver. Glucose is present in blood stream
3) Glycogen is broken down to provide the energy required to re-synthesise ATP. Enzymes speed up the process
4) Pyruvate acid is produced as a byproduct of glycolysis. Since no O² is available to make use of the pyruvate acid, it’s converted to lactic acid
5) 1 glycogen molecule produces 2 new ATP molecules
What are the advantages of the Lactic acid system
1) no o² required so energy produced quickly
2) Produces a greater yield of ATP
3) Lasts longer than the ATP-PC System
What is the aerobic energy system
An aerobic glycolysis and lipolysis reaction
What fuel does the aerobic system use
Glycogen and fat
How long does the aerobic system last for
Longer than 3 mins
What is the recovery time for the aerobic system
24-48 hours
What sports use the aerobic system
Long distance and endurance events
What is the process of the aerobic system
1) Needs re-synthesising
2) Glycogen is present in muscle cell. Glucose is in blood stream
3) Glucose is broken down to provide energy
4) Krebs cycle
5) The electron transport chain
What is the Krebs cycle
- It occurs in the mitochondria
- Pyruvic acid it converted to Acetyl CoA
- Acetyl CoA combines with oxaloacectic acid to make citric acid
- 2 ATPs are produced
- By-products are CO2 and hydrogen
- Hydrogen atoms enter the Electron Transport Chain
What is the Electron Transport Chain
- Occurs in crista
- Hydrogen is split into ions and electrons
- Hydrogen electrons are passed down the chain
- The hydrogen combines with O2 to release enough energy to reform 34 ATP
- By-products are CO2 and H2O
What are the benefits of aerobic system
- Can produce energy to last a long time due to large store of glycogen
- We can use fat as a fuel
- High yield.of ATP produced- 38 per glycogen molecule
- No harmful waste products
What are the disadvantages of the aerobic system
Slow to get going as there’s oxygen debt to repay
