Energy Systems

Question 1

When is lactate produced?

Answer 1

at all times

Question 2

What is the role of lactate during low intensity exercise?

Answer 2

fuel for the mitochondria

Question 3

lactate threshold

Answer 3

when lactate production exceeds lactate clearing

Question 4

Maximum Lactate Steady State (MLSS)

Answer 4

The highest intensity level at which blood lactate concentrations are maintained at a steady-state level during exercise bouts of approximately 60 minutes

Question 5

Ventilatory Threshold (VT)

Answer 5

The point at which the ventilation (breathing) rate increases faster than the workload

Question 6

blood shunting

Answer 6

process in which arteries dilate and constrict to determine what percentage of blood is received by working muscles

Question 7

How does blood shunting affect ultrarunners?

Answer 7

85-90% of blood volume goes to working muscles which results in less blood for digestion

Question 8

Blood flow allocation within the body is based on .

Answer 8

need

Question 9

greater aerobic capacity = =

Answer 9

more blood is ejected with each heart contraction

lower heart rate

Question 10

During exercise it is normal for blood pressure to

Answer 10

increase substantially

Question 11

What are the 3 energy systems?

Answer 11

Phosphagen

Glycolytic

Oxidative

Question 12

Answer 12

Question 13

What is an alternate term for the phosphagen system?

Answer 13

ATP-CP system

Question 14

Describe how energy is created in the phosphagen system

Answer 14

Creatine phosphate is broken down and ATP is formed within a muscle cell

Question 15

What types of exercises use the phosphagen system?

Answer 15

explosive and very short-term activities such as weightlifting or short, all-out sprints

Question 16

Which energy system metabolizes primarily carbs?

Answer 16

glycolytic

Question 17

Carbs must be ingested at least minutes before the point of fatigue to avoid glycogen depletion

Answer 17

30

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

Aerobic respiration oxidizes for energy and consumes to slow the buildup of acidity

Answer 19

pyruvate

hydrogen ions

Question 20

What occurs when aerobic respiration cannot keep up with pyruvate production?

Answer 20

anaerobic respiration converts pyruvate to lactate

Question 21

What is the primary energy system used by endurance athletes?

Answer 21

oxidative

Question 22

List 6 physiological adaptations that occur due to aerobic training

Answer 22

Lower resting heart rate

Increased blood volume

Better fat utilization

Less reliance upon blood glucose for fuel

Increased capillary density

Increased mitochondrial density

Question 23

Increased capillary density = =

Answer 23

increased blood flow to muscles

increased oxygen supply to muscles

Question 24

Why do athletes train at altitude?

Answer 24

To increase red blood cell count and therefore increase oxygen to muscles

Question 25

How long do the effects of altitude training last?

Answer 25

15 days