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PHYSICS > ENERGY RESOURCES AND TRANSFERS > Flashcards

ENERGY RESOURCES AND TRANSFERS Flashcards

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1
Q

energy stores:

A
  • chemical
  • kinetic
  • gravitational
  • elastic
  • thermal
  • magnetic
  • electrostatic
  • nuclear
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2
Q

energy transfers:

A
  • mechanically
  • electrically
  • by heating
  • by radiation (light and sound)
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3
Q

what is the principle of conservation of energy?

A

energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred from one store to another

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4
Q

relationship between efficiency, useful energy output and total energy output:

A

efficiency= useful energy output/ total energy output x 100

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5
Q

what is conduction?

A

The transfer of heat energy through the vibrations of particles in a medium

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6
Q

what is convection?

A

The transfer of heat energy through convection currents in a fluid

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7
Q

what is radiation?

A

The transfer of energy, without the transfer of matter. No medium is needed for radiation to occur

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8
Q

role of convection in everyday phenomena:

A
  • distributing heat energy
  • such as in a radiator
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9
Q

what are matte black surfaces good at?

A

poor reflectors and good at absorbing IR

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10
Q

what are shiny silver surfaces good at?

A

good reflectors of IR and so are poor at absorbing it

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11
Q

ways of reducing unwanted energy transfer:

A
  • insulation
  • air
  • foam
  • feathers
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12
Q

relationship between work done, force and distance moved:

A

work done= force x distance moved

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13
Q

work done is equal to….

A

energy transferred

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14
Q

relationship between gravitational potential energy, mass, gravitational field strength and height:

A

gravitational potential energy= mass x gravitational field strength. x height

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15
Q

how to work out kinetic energy:

A

1/2 x mass x speed ^2

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16
Q

what does conservation of energy produce a link between?

A
  • gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy and work
  • because energy is conserved the decrease in GPE = increase in KE, for a falling object if no energy is lost to the surroundings
17
Q

what is power?

A
  • rate of transfer of energy or the rate of doing work
18
Q

relationship between power, work done and time taken:

A

power= work done/ time taken

19
Q

P2 energy transfers involved when there is a turbine (wind and hydroelectric):

A

energy in the KINETIC STORE of the flowing water is transferred to the KINETIC STORE of the turbine and then to the KINETIC STORE of the generator and transferred ELECTRICALLY to the National Grid

20
Q

P2 energy transfers involved when a fossil fuel is combusted into steam:

A

Energy from the CHEMICAL STORE of the fuel is transferred to the THERMAL STORE of the water, which is then transferred to the KINETIC STORE of the turbine, and then transferred to the KINETIC STORE of the generator and then transferred ELECTRICALLY to the National Grid

21
Q

P2 ADVANTAGES of wind:

A
  • renewable
  • doesn’t produce any greenhouse gases
22
Q

P2 DISADVANTAGES of wind:

A
  • weather dependent
  • can be noisy
  • eye saw
23
Q

P2 ADVANTAGES of hydroelectric:

A
  • renewable
  • minimal running costs
24
Q

P2 DISADVANTAGES of hydroelectric:

A
  • ruin the view
  • hazardous to boats
  • unreliable
25
Q

P2 ADVANTAGES of solar cells:

A
  • renewable
26
Q

P2 DISADVANTAGES of solar cells:

A
  • require lots of land
  • unreliable
27
Q

P2 ADVANTAGES of nuclear:

A
  • renewable
  • reliable
28
Q

P2 DISADVANTAGES of nuclear:

A
  • produces dangerous radioactive waste
29
Q

P2 ADVANTAGES of fossil fuels:

A
  • reliable
  • can produce a large amount of energy in a small time
30
Q

P2 DISADVANTAGES of fossil fuels:

A
  • produce CO2
  • pollute the atmosphere
31
Q

P2 ADVANTAGES of biomass:

A
  • the CO2 produced is the same as the CO2 absorbed
32
Q

P2 DISADVANTAGES of biomass:

A
  • can take up lots of land

PHYSICS (10 decks)

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