Energy Resources and Fossil Fuels

Question 1

energy transformation in geothermal powerplants

Answer 1

earth’s internal heat - mechanical energy of steam - mechanical energy of turbine - electricity (generator) - power up/down and distribution

Question 2

what does transformers do?

Answer 2

powers up/down energy

Question 3

advantage of geothermal powerplants

Answer 3

Reliable and consistent
Base load electricity

Question 4

natural gas that is produced along with crude oil, and typically separated from the oil at the wellhead.

Answer 4

associated gas

Question 5

advantage of hydroelectric powerplants

Answer 5

• Highest efficiency
• Dam can be used for flood control and water filtration

Question 6

A nonrenewable fossil fuel that is combusted and used to generate electricity.
- a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock with a high amount of carbon and hydrocarbons.
- classified as a nonrenewable energy source because it takes millions of years to form.
- contains the energy stored by plants that lived hundreds of millions of years ago in swampy forests.
- it is mined

Answer 6

Coal

Question 7

disadvantage of hydroelectric powerplants

Answer 7

• Dam damages ecosystem
• High maintenance cost
• Specific location
• Poor or excessive water supply

Question 8

What kind of compounds are fossil fuels

Answer 8

carbon-rich organic compounds

Question 9

a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes. is colorless and odorless, so odorizers such as mercaptan, which smells like sulfur or rotten eggs, are commonly added to natural gas supplies for safety so that leaks can be readily detected.

fossil fuel and non-renewable resource that is formed when layers of organic matter (primarily marine microorganisms[3]) decompose under anaerobic conditions and are subjected to intense heat and pressure underground over millions of years.[4]

• formation similar to oil

Answer 9

natural gas

Question 10

one of the oldest and largest sources of renewable energy, which uses the natural flow of moving water to generate electricity.

Answer 10

hydropower/hydroelectric energy

Question 11

what does a generator do?

Answer 11

convert mechanical energy to electrical energy

Question 12

Examples of Renewable Energy

Answer 12

solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, biomass/biofuel

Question 13

types of natural gas

Answer 13

Dry gas - methane
Wet gas - methane with ethane and butane

Question 14

energy that is collected from renewable resources that are naturally replenished on a human timescale. and what are its advantages and disadvantages?

Answer 14

Renewable Energy

advantage
- Infinite
- Constantly available and abundant
- More environment friendly
disadvantage
- Specific location and requires a huge land area
- Less efficient
- expensive

Question 15

a nonrenewable fossil fuel. It is formed when heat and pressure compressed the remains of prehistoric plants, animals, and aquatic life under the bed of the sea or lakes for millions of years, thus becoming fossil fuel. It is drilled and pumped from giant underground pockets, or oil wells, and processed through a system called distillation.
- mixtures of hydrocarbons that formed from the remains of animals and plants (diatoms) that lived millions of years ago in a marine environment before the existence of dinosaurs

Answer 15

oil

Question 16

a process through which bacteria break down organic matter—such as animal manure, wastewater biosolids, and food wastes—in the absence of oxygen

Answer 16

anaerobic decomposition

Question 17

which among the fossil fuels is volatile

Answer 17

natural gas

Question 18

uses of natural gas

Answer 18

Electricity, household industrial heating, fuel for vehicles

Question 19

renewable energy where heat is derived within the sub-surface of the earth. Water and/or steam carry this to the Earth’s surface

Answer 19

geothermal energy

Question 20

What is the only renewable source that is not powered by the sun?

Answer 20

geothermal energy

Question 21

energy that comes from sources that will run out or will not be replenished in our lifetimes—or even in many, many lifetimes. and what are its advantages and disadvantages?

Answer 21

Non-renewable Energy

advantage
- High-efficiency level
- Easily transportable
- Provides more energy

disadvantage
- Finite supply (about 2-3 decades left)
- Political disputes (central Asia/middle east)
- High levels of pollution
- Adverse impacts on the environment

Question 22

origin of oil/petroleum

Answer 22

Marine organisms; anaerobic decomposition; heat and pressure

Question 23

renewable energy by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power or electricity.

Answer 23

wind energy (eolic)

Question 24

What are examples of fossil fuel

Answer 24

Coal, Oil, Natural Gas

Question 25

types of coal

Answer 25

Lignite - sub-bituminous - bituminous - anthracite (least carbon to most carbon, more pressure/metamorphism)

Question 26

origin of coal

Answer 26

plants, (during) carboniferous period, coalification

Question 27

renewable energy that comes from radiation from the Sun capable of producing heat, causing chemical reactions, or generating electricity.

Answer 27

solar energy

Question 28

Fossil Fuel Powered Steam Turbine Electricity Generation

Answer 28

Fossil Fuels -Combustion Chamber (burning, exhausts gases to pollution control) - steam boiler (pumps excess water to steam condenser to cool it) - steam valve (for speed control) - steam turbine - synchronous generator - power

Question 29

uses of coal

Answer 29

Burned for electricity, converted to gas

Question 30

which among the fossil fuels is the most environment-friendly

Answer 30

natural gas

Question 31

is produced from uranium, a nonrenewable energy source whose atoms are split (through a process called nuclear fission) to create heat and, eventually, electricity. (through hot water, steam, and turbines)

Answer 31

nuclear energy

Question 32

What are the two types of energy sources?

Answer 32

Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy

Question 33

in geothermal & fossil fuel powerplants, are all the electricity produced transported to homes, etc?

Answer 33

no, some energy goes to the cooling tower/steam condenser to cool the water

Question 34

origin of natural gas

Answer 34

Marine organisms; anaerobic decomposition; heat and pressure, longer period

Question 35

disadvantage of geothermal powerplants

Answer 35

High cost and maintenance
Possible instability of location (due to volcanism)
Release of gases

Question 36

the process of the chemical transformation from vegetation into coal

is caused by temperature and pressure inherent to burial and is enhanced by geologic time and tectonism.

Answer 36

coalification

Question 37

world’s leading renewable energy source

Answer 37

hydroelectricity (83% of renewable power)

Question 38

energy transformation in hydroelectric powerplants

Answer 38

potential energy of water - kinetic energy of water - mechanical energy of turbine - electricity (generator) - power up/down and distribution

Question 39

renewable energy that is generated or produced by living or once-living organisms.

Answer 39

biomass energy

Question 40

Energy with the most consumption in the world

Answer 40

Fossil fuels, particularly Petroleum (Oil) (33.89%)

(and the nuclear energy, hydropower, and so on)

Question 41

uses of oil

Answer 41

Petroleum products, electricity, plastic

Question 42

heat source of geothermal powerplants

Answer 42

magma chambers

Question 43

types of oil

Answer 43

Petroleum, gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, asphalt

Question 44

Examples of Non-renewable energy

Answer 44

Coal, Oil, Gas, Nuclear