Energy & Metabolism (PPT 9-10) [U1/ T1]

Question 1

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 1

6CO(2) + 12H(2)O —-> C(6)H(12)O(6) + 6O(2) + 6H(2)O

Question 2

What is the written form of photosynthesis?

Answer 2

Carbon dioxide + water ——> glucose + oxygen + water

Question 3

What are the two different sections of photosynthesis? Identify which is light-dependant, and light-independent

Answer 3

1) Splitting of water using energy from the sun (Light-dependent)
2) Manufacture of glucose (Light-independent)

Question 4

Describe stage one of photosynthesis? (Light-dependent)

Answer 4

• The chlorophyll (inner membranes of the chloroplasts) traps energy from the sun, using it to convert ADP to ATP.
• Splits water molecules to form hydrogen, carried to stage 2 using molecules called NADPH (requires light)

(The main goal of this stage is to access hydrogen, carried in NADP/ NADPH)

Question 5

Describe stage two of photosynthesis? (Light-independent)

Answer 5

• Process occurs in the matrix of the chloroplasts.
• ATP molecules & NADPH provide energy necessary to bond hydrogen ions to Carbon dioxide to form glucose.
• Some water is formed as a by-product
• Ezymes needed to catalyse these reactions are in the stroma.

(Called the Calvin cycle)

Question 6

What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration?

Answer 6

C(6)H(12)O(6) +6O(2) —-> 6CO(2) + 6H(2)O +ATP

Question 7

What is the written form of cellular respiration?

Answer 7

Glucose + oxygen —> carbon dixode + water + energy

Question 8

What are the three stages of cellular respiration?

Answer 8

1) Glycolysis
2) The Krebs Cycle
3) The Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Question 9

Where do each stages of cellular respiration occur?

Answer 9

• Glycosis occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell.
• The Krebs Cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria.
• The ETC occurs on the inner mitochondrial membrane, the cristae.

Question 10

What happens if oxygen is in short supply?

Answer 10

• Gylocisis still occurs as it does not require oxygen. Bit now cells use the anaerobic respiration pathway called fermentatio.
• Nore more ATP molecules are created
• Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid (Animal cells)
• Pyruvate is converted to CO2 and alcohol (Plant cells)
• Both forms of fermentation, but different products.