Energy Management For a Sustainable Climate & Society Flashcards
Resource (definition)
the total stock of a defined element, compound or physical attribute ( flow; like wind) of potential value to humans.
Reserve (Definition)
The subset of a resource that is technologically feasible and economically profitable for human exploit.
Conventional (Definition)
Easier to exploit, original variants of a resource. (crude oil, natural, gas, high-quality mineral, geothermal energy -not using complex technology)
Unconventional (Definition)
Difficult to exploit, variants are unconventional (peat, seawater)
McKelvey box
With innovation and time, become unconventional resources become conventional.
Fossil Fuels (Definition)
Organic compounds formed over millions of years as carbon from dead animals and plants accumulated, compacted, and transformed via sedimentary and geological process)
Coal (Definition)
Carbonaceous sedimentary rock formed by the compaction of partially decomposed plant material, as peat and eventually transformed to coal of various qualities under pressure in sedimentary process.
Oil (Definition)
Liquid hydrocarbon formed from dead animals and plants by sedimentary and geological processes.
Natural Gas (Definition)
Gaseous hydrocarbon formed from dead animals and plants by sedimentary and geological processes. Mostly methane
Sedimentary Processes (Definition)
The natural deposition of organic materials and sediments in layers, which contributes to the formation of fossil fuels.
Geological Processes(Definition)
The long-term processes of heat, pressure, and tectonic activity that transform buried organic materials into fossil fuels.
Coal Rank
Depends on its carbon purity. Anthracite (almost pure carbon),
Brown coal
Peat(Lowest quality, burned and generated electricity).
Conventional oil (extraction)
Oil trapped in porous sedimentary rock under an impervious layer which its own pressure will drive to the surface through a drilled well.
Enhanced oil recovery
A fluid or a gas is pumped into a depleted reservoir to recover lost pressure and raise extraction rates from 30-40 % to 60-70%
Unconventional Oil sources
Heavy oil, tar sand, shale oil
Unconventional Gas sources
Deep pressurized gas, coal-bed methane, tight gas, shale gas
Nuclear Power (Definition)
Energy released during the rearrangement of nuclear particles in the porcesses of fission and fusion. Some of the nuclear mass can be converted into heat energy, which can be used to profuce steam for electrical generators
Nuclear fission (definiont )
The splitting of an unstabel, heavy atom nucleaus into two lighter nuclei; can be pridce as a control chain reaction.
Nuclear Fusion (Definition)
The combinatoin of the nuclei of two light atoms, into nucleus of a heavy atom
Solar (Definiton)
Solar radiation drives biotic and abiotic proccesses.
Wind (Definiton)
Movement of air resuting from uneven solar heating of land and sea.
Ocean Thermal(Definition)
Energy from diffreence between cold depth and solar heating of surface.
Biomass (Definiton)
Carbohydrates of plants and animals waste; solids can be coinverted as an liquid and gaseous forms of hydrocarbons
Hydropower (Definition)
Water flowing downhill, the result of solar energy and gravity
Geothermal (Definiton)
HIgh temperature pockets near the surface of the earth’s crust, a legacy of agglomeration pressure in creation of the earth and heat form radioactive decay in the core.
Refined petroleum Products (Definiton)
Hydrocarbons made from conventional and uncoventinoal oil.
Electricity (Definition)
The energy results from the flow of charged particles in a conducting medium; an electric current is the flow of electrons though an electrical conductor.
Hydrogen (Definition)
Loghtes and most abunant element in the universe. if siolated, can be combusted or used in a fuel cell to make eletricity.
Electrolysis (Definiton)
An electric current splits water into hydrogen and oxigen.
Stream methane reforming
High temperature steam used to produce hydrogen from a methane source, such as natural gas.
Green Hydrogen (Defintion)
hydrigen produce by electrolysis of water using electricity generated by rebewables like wind and solar.
Blue Hydrogen (Defintion)
Hydrogen produced by steam nethane reforming of natural gas WITH CO2 captured and store.
Grey Hydrogen (Definition)
Hydrogen produced by steam methane refomrming of natural gas WITHOUT CO2 captured and store
