Energy Management For a Sustainable Climate & Society

Question 1

Resource (definition)

Answer 1

the total stock of a defined element, compound or physical attribute ( flow; like wind) of potential value to humans.

Question 2

Reserve (Definition)

Answer 2

The subset of a resource that is technologically feasible and economically profitable for human exploit.

Question 3

Conventional (Definition)

Answer 3

Easier to exploit, original variants of a resource. (crude oil, natural, gas, high-quality mineral, geothermal energy -not using complex technology)

Question 4

Unconventional (Definition)

Answer 4

Difficult to exploit, variants are unconventional (peat, seawater)

Question 5

McKelvey box

Answer 5

With innovation and time, become unconventional resources become conventional. (Check notes)

Question 6

Fossil Fuels (Definition)

Answer 6

Organic compounds formed over millions of years as carbon from dead animals and plants accumulated, compacted, and transformed via sedimentary and geological process)

Question 7

Coal (Definition)

Answer 7

Carbonaceous sedimentary rock formed by the compaction of partially decomposed plant material, as peat and eventually transformed to coal of various qualities under pressure in sedimentary process.

Question 8

Oil (Definition)

Answer 8

Liquid hydrocarbon formed from dead animals and plants by sedimentary and geological processes.

Question 9

Natural Gas (Definition)

Answer 9

Gaseous hydrocarbon formed from dead animals and plants by sedimentary and geological processes. Mostly methane

Question 10

Sedimentary Processes (Definition)

Answer 10

The natural deposition of organic materials and sediments in layers, which contributes to the formation of fossil fuels.

Question 11

Geological Processes(Definition)

Answer 11

The long-term processes of heat, pressure, and tectonic activity that transform buried organic materials into fossil fuels.

Question 12

Coal Rank

Answer 12

Depends on its carbon purity. Anthracite (almost pure carbon),
Brown coal
Peat(Lowest quality, burned and generated electricity).

Question 13

Conventional oil (extraction)

Answer 13

Oil trapped in porous sedimentary rock under an impervious layer which its own pressure will drive to the surface through a drilled well.

Question 14

Enhanced oil recovery

Answer 14

A fluid or a gas is pumped into a depleted reservoir to recover lost pressure and raise extraction rates from 30-40 % to 60-70%

Question 15

Unconventional Oil sources

Answer 15

Heavy oil, tar sand, shale oil

Question 16

Unconventional Gas sources

Answer 16

Deep pressurized gas, coal-bed methane, tight gas, shale gas

Question 17

Nuclear Power (Definition)

Answer 17

Energy released during the rearrangement of nuclear particles in the porcesses of fission and fusion. Some of the nuclear mass can be converted into heat energy, which can be used to profuce steam for electrical generators

Question 18

Nuclear fission (definiont )

Answer 18

The splitting of an unstabel, heavy atom nucleaus into two lighter nuclei; can be pridce as a control chain reaction.

Question 19

Nuclear Fusion (Definition)

Answer 19

The combinatoin of the nuclei of two light atoms, into nucleus of a heavy atom

Question 20

Solar (Definiton)

Answer 20

Solar radiation drives biotic and abiotic proccesses.

Question 21

Wind (Definiton)

Answer 21

Movement of air resuting from uneven solar heating of land and sea.

Question 22

Ocean Thermal(Definition)

Answer 22

Energy from diffreence between cold depth and solar heating of surface.

Question 23

Biomass (Definiton)

Answer 23

Carbohydrates of plants and animals waste; solids can be coinverted as an liquid and gaseous forms of hydrocarbons

Question 24

Hydropower (Definition)

Answer 24

Water flowing downhill, the result of solar energy and gravity

Question 25

Geothermal (Definiton)

Answer 25

HIgh temperature pockets near the surface of the earth’s crust, a legacy of agglomeration pressure in creation of the earth and heat form radioactive decay in the core.

Question 26

Refined petroleum Products (Definiton)

Answer 26

Hydrocarbons made from conventional and uncoventinoal oil.

Question 27

Electricity (Definition)

Answer 27

The energy results from the flow of charged particles in a conducting medium; an electric current is the flow of electrons though an electrical conductor.

Question 28

Hydrogen (Definition)

Answer 28

Loghtes and most abunant element in the universe. if siolated, can be combusted or used in a fuel cell to make eletricity.

Question 29

Electrolysis (Definiton)

Answer 29

An electric current splits water into hydrogen and oxigen.

Question 30

Stream methane reforming

Answer 30

High temperature steam used to produce hydrogen from a methane source, such as natural gas.

Question 31

Green Hydrogen (Defintion)

Answer 31

hydrigen produce by electrolysis of water using electricity generated by rebewables like wind and solar.

Question 32

Blue Hydrogen (Defintion)

Answer 32

Hydrogen produced by steam nethane reforming of natural gas WITH CO2 captured and store.

Question 33

Grey Hydrogen (Definition)

Answer 33

Hydrogen produced by steam methane refomrming of natural gas WITHOUT CO2 captured and store