Energy & Forces Flashcards
State the “Law of conservation of Energy”
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from one form to another
What is meant by “Kinetic” energy?
The energy associated with movement
What is meant by “Gravitational potential” energy?
The energy associated with an object raised to a height.
What is meant by “Light” energy?
The energy associated with EM radiation.
What is meant by “Sound” energy?
The energy associated with pressure waves in a medium.
What is meant by “Heat” energy?
The energy associated with vibrating molecules.
What is meant by “Electrical” energy?
The energy associated with electrical charges or currents.
What is meant by “Chemical potential” energy?
Energy stored within chemicals.
What is meant by “Nuclear” energy
The energy associated with Nucleus of the atom.
What 3 effects can a Force have?
- Change the shape of an object
- Change the speed of an object
- Change the direction of motion of an object
What in the units of “Force”?
Newtons (N)
What is meant by “Balanced Forces”?
When two (or more) forces in oppoite directions “cancel out” to give no overall force.
What is Newton’s First Law?
An object will remain at rest or travel in a
straight line with a constant speed, unless
an unbalanced force acts upon it.
What is Newton’s Second Law?
An unbalanced Force acting on an object
will cause the object to Accelerate. The size
of that acceleration will depend on the size
of the Force and the Mass of the object.
What is meant by “Terminal velocity”?
The maximum velocity of a falling object.
It occurs when the air resistance is equal in
size but opposite in direction to the weight of the object.
What is meant by Average Speed?
The speed calculated over the entire distance and time of the motion. eg 40 miles in 2 hours is 20 mph
What is meant by Acceleration?
The change in velocity of an object in 1 second.
How do you calculate the Speed of an object?
speed = distance / time
What is meant by “Friction”?
A force between two surfaces opposing motion. It is caused by surface roughness at the microscopic level.
What is meant by “Streamlining”?
The shaping of a object top reduce the effect of air or water resistance on the object.
Give 3 examples of ways to reduce friction.
- Lubricating moving parts with grease or oil.
- Changing surface type.
- Streamline the shape of the object.
