Cells & Reproduction Flashcards
What is the purpose of the microscope?
To magnifiy the image of an object, to resolve details that otherwise would not be seen.
What is meant by a microorganism?
A living thing that can only be seen using a microscope.
What is meant by a “Cell”?
The smallest unit of an organism, some consist of only one cell, other of many millions of cells.
What is meant by the “Nucleus” of the cell?
Control centre of the cell, contains the genetic material.
What is meant by “Cytoplasm”?
A ‘jelly-like’ substance, where most chemical reactions take place.
What is meant by “Mitochondrion”?
The site of aerobic respiration within the cell.
What is meant by the “Cell membrane”?
The ‘skin’ of the cell, it controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
What is meant by the “Cell Wall”?
A wall of cellulose which give the cell its rigid shape.
What is meant by a “Vacuole”?
A space filled with cell sap, which works with the cell wall to give the cell its shape.
What is meant by a “Chloroplast”?
A part of the cell containing the chemical chlorophyll, which absorbs light energy for Photosynthesis.
Which Cell parts are found in both animal and plant cells?
- Nuclues
- Cytoplasm
- Cell membrane
Which cell parts are only found in plant cells?
- Cell Wall
- Vacuole
- Chloroplasts
What is the name given to the male “sex cell”?
Sperm cell
What is the name given to the female “sex cell”?
Ovum (egg cell)
What are the specialisation/s of the sperm cell?
- Long tail to allow mtion.
- Lots of mitochoria to provide energy for motion.
- Contains only half the DNA required to create a new organism.
What are the specialisation/s of the egg cell?
- Large volume of cytoplasm containing nutrients to cell the cell alive until implantation.
- Contains only half the DNA required to create a new organism.
What is meant by “Asexual reproduction”?
A single organism contributes all the DNA required to produce a new offspring. The new offspring is a clone of the parent.
What is meant by “Sexual reproduction”?
A ‘male’ and ‘female’ organism each contribute 1/2 the DNA required to produce a new offspring.
What is meant by the “Ovary”?
Site of Ovum (egg cell) formation. Contains hundreds of undeveloped egg cells (Ova).
What is meant by the “Oviduct”?
Connects the ovaries to the uterus. They are covered in thousands of cilia cells to move the ovum towards the uterus. Fertilisation occurs in the oviduct.
Also known as “Fallopian tube”
What is meant by the “Uterus”?
Where the baby will develop over approximately 9 months until birth.
What is meant by the “Cervix”?
A ring of muscle which acts as the entrance to the uterus.
What is meant by the “Vagina”?
A tube of muscle that connects the cervix to the outside of the female body. The vagina is where the male sex cells enter the female’s body.
What is meant by the “Testes”?
Site of sperm cell production. Hormones are also produced here.
