Energy Flashcards
Kinetic Energy
The energy a moving object has because of its motion.
Potential Energy
Energy stored due to position
Elastic Potential Energy
Energy stored by something that can stretch or compress, such as a rubber band or spring.
Chemical Potential Energy
Energy stored in chemical bonds.
Gravitational Potential Energy
Energy stored by objects due to their position above Earth’s surface.
Mechanical Energy
The total amount of potential and kinetic energy can be in a system and can be expressed in an equation.
Law of Conservation of Energy
States that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Work
The transfer of energy that occurs when a force makes an object moves.
Power
The amount of work done in one second.
Machine
A device that makes doing work easier.
Input Force
The force applied TO the machine
Output Force
The force applied BY the machine.
Mechanical Advantage
The ratio of the output force to input force
Efficiency
The measure of how much of the work put into a machine is always converted in heat by frictional forces.
Simple Machine
A machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.
Lever
A bar that is free to pivot or turned around a fixed point.
Pulley
A grooved wooden wheel with a rope, chain, or a cable running along the groove.
Wheel and Axle
A simple machine consisting of a shaft or axle attached to the center of a larger wheel, so that the wheel and axle rotate together.
Inclined plane
A sloping surface, like a ramp that reduces the amount of force required to do work.
Screw
An inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a cylindrical post.
Wedge
An inclined plane with one or two sloping points.
Compound machine
Two or more simple machines that operate together.
