Energy expenditure

Question 1

indirect calorimetry

Answer 1

don’t measure heat, measures O2, CO2 and N

*inhale air with known composition and then monitor changes

Question 2

Respiratory Quotient

Answer 2

• useful to tell which foods and energy sources

RQ = CO2 produced/ O2 consumed

Question 3

RQ of carbs__
RQ of fat __
RQ of protein __

Answer 3

1
.7
.82

Question 4

Total daily energy expenditure

Answer 4

resting metabolic rate: 60-75%
heat production - 10%
energy expended in activity 15-30%

Question 5

BMR

Answer 5

the amount of energy that your body uses to fuel cellular activity at rest

Question 6

Measuring BMR

Answer 6

gold standard: measure persons O2 uptake at rest
NPO x 12 hrs
* no exercise x 12 hrs before test
lie still for 30-60 mins
measure O2 and CO2

Question 7

BSA - body surface area

Answer 7

the larger the surface area, the more energy you need to expend to maintain body temp

Question 8

BMR x BSA x 24 hrs =

basal metabolic rate) x (body surface area

Answer 8

resting daily EE

BMR x BSA x 24 hours = calories needed per day

Question 9

women have a __% lower metabloc rate

Answer 9

5-10

* also have larger % body fat, smaller muscle mass and smaller body surface

Question 10

Does BMR increase or decrease with age?

Answer 10

decrease

Question 11

if you increase % body fat what happens to LBM

Answer 11

decreases

Question 12

expenditure with activity

Answer 12

gross energy expenditure = O2 consumed x duration of activity 
*convert to calories 
45 minutes x 2L of O2 = 90
(1L O2 = 5kcal )
90 x 5 = 450 kcal

Question 13

1L of O2 = __kcal

Answer 13

5

Question 14

BSA x BMR =

Answer 14

resting horly energy expenditure

Question 15

Net energy expenditure =

Answer 15

exercise energy - BMR

Question 16

30 yr old male exercises for 45 mins. height= 185 cm. BM = 75kg. Energy expenditure is 450 kcal. BSA = 2.05. How many calories did he burn with exercise alone?

Answer 16

1. (BSA x BMR) = (2.05 x 36.8) = 75.4 kCal/hour
2. 75.4 kCal / 60 min x 45 min = 56.58 k Cal from activity
3. net energy = exercise energy - REE
   450 - 56.58 = 393.44 kcal
   net energy = 393.4 in 45 mins

Question 17

endurance exerrcises depend on

Answer 17

VO2 max
lung function
genetics 30-30%

Question 18

ME

Answer 18

mechanical efficiency = % of total enerfy expended that contributes to work
ME = work output/ energy input x 100
W = (FxD)
*more efficient, less O2 consumed
most activities are 20-25% efficient

Question 19

which muscle fibers are more efficient

Answer 19

type 1

Question 20

if higher level of fitness __ level of energy expenditure

Answer 20

lower

Question 21

increased BMI = __ energy expenditure

Answer 21

higher

Question 22

becomes inefficient to keep walking at ___mph

Answer 22

4.8

Question 23

The heavier you are,

Answer 23

the more energy you expend with activity

W= F x D

Question 24

What happens when walking with weights

Answer 24

increase in SBP

Question 25

increase in speed usually occurs from …

Answer 25

increasing the stride length

Question 26

Children and running

Answer 26

increased stride frequency
shorter stride length
larger body surface area
results in increased energy expenditure

Question 27

mot energy expensive walking terrain

Answer 27

hard surface

and walking uphill

Question 28

contributors to energy consumption

Answer 28

age, body mass, speed, terrain, body comp and efficiency

Question 29

clothing, haircut and shaving can decrease energy expenditure by __%

Answer 29

6

Question 30

swimming is __ x less mechanically efficient than running

Answer 30

4
require energy to maintain buoyancy
overcome drag forces

Question 31

heredity controls …

Answer 31

20-30% VO2 max
50% HR max
70% work capacity
* AA fatigue resistant

Question 32

VO2 max for women is ___% below men

Answer 32

15-30
* also lower hemoglobin
lower percentage of FFM
higher percentage of body fat

Question 33

VO2 max for boys = girls until what age?

Answer 33

12

Question 34

VO2 max decreases after

Answer 34

25

and then 1% per year

Question 35

direct Calorimetry

Answer 35

direct measure of heat

law of conservation