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Green Associate > Energy & Atmosphere > Flashcards

Energy & Atmosphere Flashcards

1
Q

Why does the Energy and Atmosphere category contain the most points available?

Energy _____ is very important.
_____ energy use and the _____ of fossil fuels are linked to _____ _____ and _____ pollution.

A

Energy conservation is very important.

Increase energy use and the burning of fossil fuels are linked to global warming and air pollution.

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2
Q

The Energy & Atmosphere category gives credit for supporting the use of more _____ _____ energy sources and using _____ energy.

A

Environmentally friendly, less

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3
Q

The whole building approach to building design not only _____ energy over time, but also _____ the size of the equipment needed for heating and cooling.

A

Saves, reduces

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4
Q

It is easier to save energy by reducing the _____ and the _____ needed than to buy expensive _____-_____ equipment.

A

Demand, loads, high-efficiency

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5
Q

“The Energy & Atmosphere category seeks to reduce the energy _____ of _____ and homes, use _____ energy sources, and reduce _____ _____ _____ (GHE.)

A

Use, building, renewable, green house gas emissions.

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6
Q

_____ light bulbs use less electricity and generate less _____ than _____ bulbs.

A

Fluorescent, heat, incandescent

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7
Q

Define SITE ENERGY

How is site energy determined?

A

The amount of thermal and electric energy a site consumes as determined by utility bills.

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8
Q

EPA’s Target Finder helps a team set _____, _____ energy _____ and rate a building design’s estimated _____ _____.

TargetFinder is also used to determine EPA’s _____ _____ rating for buildings.

A

Aggressive, realistic, targets, energy use

ENERGY STAR

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9
Q

Define CBECS

It collects information on the stock of US _____ buildings, their _____-related building _____, and their energy _____ and _____.

A

Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey

Commercial, energy, characteristics, consumption, expenditures

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10
Q

Define “green” dollars.

A

The projected long-term energy costs savings.

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11
Q

Reducing energy use includes the goal of reducing the _____ needed while obtaining the same or nearly the same results from the _____ _____.

A

Electricity, building’s systems

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12
Q

List the 8 methods for reducing energy demand:

1 - \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_ Portfolio Manager
2 - Energy \_\_\_\_\_
3 - Building \_\_\_\_\_
4 - Site \_\_\_\_\_
5 - \_\_\_\_\_ Sizing
6 - Reducing \_\_\_\_\_ Depletion
7 - Energy Demand \_\_\_\_\_
8 - \_\_\_\_\_ Use
A

1 - Energy Star Portfolio Manager - to track & assess energy and water consumption
2 - Energy Audit - (Home Energy Saver) - determines how energy is used and makes suggestions for improvements to reduce energy use and cost
3 - Building Orientation - considers orientation to the sun, prevailing winds, lighting and cooling costs
4 - Site Location - shade, wind screen
5 - Right Sizing - LEED for Homes - points are adjusted across all categories depending on the sf of the home.
6 - Reducing Ozone Depletion - avoid use of CFC, HCFC, Halon which destroy the ozone layer
7 - Energy Demand Response - reduce electricity use or shift usage to another time period during the day
8 - Water Use - it takes energy to heat water, pump water, and treat water

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13
Q

“‘Good’ ozone occurs _____ in the stratosphere approximately 10 to 30 _____ above the earth’s surface …. and _____ life on earth from the sun’s harmful _____ rays….The _____ ozone the Earth has, the less _____ we get from the _____ rays…. Increased _____ radiation can _____ crop yields, … disrupt the _____ food chain, ….. and lead to the development of _____ and _____ cancer.”

A 
Naturally
Miles
Protects
UV
Less
Protections 
UV
UV
Reduce
Marine
Cataracts
Skin
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14
Q

Define CFC

CFCs were widely used as _____. Since the late _____, use of CFCs has been heavily regulated because of their destructive effects on the _____ layer.

In the US, _____% of buildings are _____ buildings: of those, _____% are older buildings that have old, inefficient, _____ chillers that use _____.

A

Chlorofluorocarbons

Refrigerants
1970's
Ozone
99%
Existing
50% 
Leaky
CFCs
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15
Q

Define HCFC

HCFCs were commonly used as _____ before 1970.

A

hydrochlorofluorocarbons

Refrigerants

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16
Q

Define HALON

A

Chemical used in fire suppression systems that also negatively affects the ozone layer.

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17
Q

Define ODP

Define GWP

A

Ozone Depletion Potential

Global Warming Potential

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18
Q

Describe the Montreal Protocol

The phase out for developed countries began in _____. Most _____ use and production was phased out by the US by December 31, _____….others were phased out in _____, and less active _____ will be phased out in _____.

A

An agreement signed in 1987 which committed nations to reduce the use of CFCs and other ozone-depleting substances

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19
Q

Name five natural refrigerants which are benign to the earth’s atmosphere:

A 
1 - CO2 - carbon dioxide
2 - H2O - water
3 - NH3 - ammonia
4 - HC - hydrocarbons such as propane, butane, ethane, isobutane, and isopentane 
5 - air
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20
Q

_____ refrigerants are not as _____ as refrigerants like _____, so it requires more _____ to achieve the same amount of _____.

A 
Natural
Effective
HCFCs
Energy
Cooling
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21
Q

The LEED Rating System lists fundamental _____ management as a prerequisite which requires _____ use of _____.

A

Refrigerant, zero, CFCs

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22
Q

The LEED Rating system credits include Enhanced Refrigerant Management. This credit awards:

1 - natural _____ (no refrigerant use)
2 - install an HVAC system that uses _____ that minimize or eliminate the _____ of compounds that contribute to Ozone _____ and global warming (low ODP and ___)
3 - fire _____ systems and fire _____ that are _____ free

A

1 - ventilation
2 - refrigerants, emissions, depletion, GWP
3 - suppression, extinguishers, halon

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23
Q

For existing buildings, LEED projects need to _____ or _____ CFC-based refrigeration systems.

A

Replace, retrofit

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24
Q

What is the intent of demand response programs?

A

To motivate end users to make changes in electric use, by lowering consumption when prices spike or when grid reliability may be jeopardized.

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25
Q

Name three operational changes that can reduce energy demand.

1 - cycling _____ equipment
2 - _____ air-conditioning _____
3 - turning off or _____ a portion of the facility’s _____

A

1 - HVAC
2 - Increasing, setpoints
3 - dimming, lighting

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26
Q

Describe the difference between conventional water heaters and Tankless Water Heaters.

A

Tankless water heaters (on-demand) are products that do not constantly heat and store the hot water like conventional water heaters.

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27
Q

Define ENERGY EFFICIENCY: The use of _____ that requires less energy to _____ the same _____.

A

The use of technology that requires less energy to perform the same function

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28
Q

Identify the seven methods of Energy Efficiency:

1 - Building \_\_\_\_\_
2 - Heating & \_\_\_\_\_
3 - \_\_\_\_\_ of Scale
4 - \_\_\_\_\_ Design
5 - Choosing Energy Star \_\_\_\_\_
6 - Building \_\_\_\_\_ System
7 - \_\_\_\_\_-\_\_\_\_\_ Energy
A 
1 - Building Envelope
2 - Heating & Cooling
3 - Efficiencies of Scale
4 - Lighting Design
5 - Choosing Energy Star Appliances
6 - Building Automation System
7 - Net-zero Energy
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29
Q

The building _____ controls the _____ of energy between the _____ and _____ of the building.

A

Envelope, flow, interior, exterior

30
Q

In 2005 the US Department of Energy estimated that _____% of the energy used to _____ and _____ the average building was lost to _____ _____ in the building envelope. Since buildings account for 40% of annual energy _____ in the US, that comes out to _____% of total US energy usage being _____ right out of buildings.

A

40%, heat, cool, air leaks, consumption, 16%, leaked

31
Q

Building envelope problems can lead to:

1 - \_\_\_\_\_ heating and cooling \_\_\_\_\_
2 - \_\_\_\_\_ or uneven \_\_\_\_\_
3 - poor \_\_\_\_\_ air quality
4 - building \_\_\_\_\_
5 - \_\_\_\_\_, noise, \_\_\_\_\_
A 
1 - high heating and cooling bills
2 - draft, or uneven temperatures
3 - poor indoor air quality
4 - building deterioration
5 - insects, noise, odors
32
Q

In terms of thermal mass:

The _____ the concrete, brick, or stone is on the _____ of the building, the _____ electricity will be needed by the _____ system to keep the building _____ inside.

A 
Thicker
Exterior
Less
Mechanical
Cool
33
Q

In the US, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems account for:

1 - _____% of the energy used in commercial buildings
2 - _____% of the energy used in residential buildings

A

1 - 30%

2 - 50%

34
Q

Define ASHRAE

ASHRAE publishes standards and guidelines relating to energy _____ and ____ systems …. every _____ years.

A

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.

Consumption
HVAC
3

35
Q

In LEED, ASHRAE 90.1 can be used to calculate the _____ building _____ performance.

A

Baseline

Energy

36
Q

If air _____ have _____ resistance to air passing through them, the system will use _____ energy to more the air while at the same time also providing better _____ _____ for the building _____.

A 
Filters
Lower
Less
Air Quality
Occupants
37
Q

Describe the concept of Efficiencies of Scale

A

At a certain size - cost or energy savings can be found.

38
Q

_____ is often the largest contributor to a building’s _____ _____

A

Lighting

Energy use

39
Q

Compared to incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps:

1 - use \_\_\_\_\_ power to generate the same amount of \_\_\_\_\_
2 - generally last \_\_\_\_\_
3 - are \_\_\_\_\_ (size/shape)
4 - more complicated to \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_
5 - more \_\_\_\_\_
A 
1 - use less power to generate the same amount of light
2 - generally last longer
3 - are bulkier
4 - more complicated to dispose of
5 - more expensive
40
Q

All _____ controls decrease the power _____ of lighting, while also _____ the building’s _____ load.

A

Lighting
Demand
Reducing
Thermal

41
Q

Identify four types of lighting controls.

A

1 - photosensors - automatically adjust the light output of the fixtures based on the level of illumination detected
2 - timers
3 - occupancy sensors
4 - centralized, facility-wide control systems

42
Q

Name the 7 items that may carry the ENERGY STAR label.

A 
1 - appliances,
2 - home HVAC systems
3 - home electronics
4 - lighting
5 - personal computers
6 - home office equipment
7 - new homes
43
Q

What agencies established the energy efficiency criteria for the ENERGY STAR label?

A

US Department of Energy

US Environmental Protection Agency

44
Q

The average refrigerator needs _____% _____ over the minimum standard to earn the ENERGY STAR label. Dishwashers need _____% _____.

A

20% savings

41% savings

45
Q

Leakage rate describes how _____ lose their _____ charge over a _____ month period as a _____ of the _____ _____ charge.

A 
Appliances
Refrigerant
12
Percentage
Appliances'
Full
46
Q

Define BAS

A

Building automation system

47
Q

Net-zero energy projects use no more energy from the _____ _____ than can be _____ from on-site _____ energy systems.

A

Electrical grid
Produced
Renewable

48
Q

Define RENEWABLE ENERGY

Renewable energy for LEED projects can come from _____ or _____-_____ sources.

A

Energy that is naturally replenished and generated from natural resources - such as sunlight, wind, water, biofuel, and geothermal heat

On
Off-site

49
Q

Identify and describe the two types of solar power:

A

1 - Active solar - photovoltaic panels or solar thermal collectors
2 - Passive solar - building orientation, select materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties

50
Q

What are three benefits of active solar panels?

1 - no _____ _____ to wear out
2 - clean _____-_____ energy
3 - no _____

A

1 - no moving parts to wear out
2 - clean non-polluting energy
3 - no noise / quiet

51
Q

Solar thermal systems are composed of solar thermal _____ and a _____ system to move the _____ from the _____ to its point of _____. The system may use _____ for _____ the _____ and have a _____ or tank for heat storage and subsequent use.

A 
Collectors
Fluid
Heat
Collector
Usage
Electricity
Pumping
Fluid 
Reservoir
52
Q

_____ solar design uses the structure’s windows, _____, and _____ to collect, store, and _____ the sun’s _____ in the winter and _____ a building’s energy demand for _____ in the summer.

A 
Passive
Walls
Floors
Distribute
Heat
Reduce
Cooling
53
Q

_____ solar and _____ strategies are encouraged by LEED but not allowed as a percentage of _____ _____ used.

A

Passive
Geothermal
Renewable energy

54
Q

Define GEOTHERMAL PUMP

A

A heating and/or cooling system that uses the earth’s ability to store heat in shallow ground or water thermal masses

55
Q

Compared to a conventional heating or cooling system, geoexchange systems use _____-_____ % less electricity. The system _____ are returned in _____ savings in _____-_____ years.

A

25-50%
Costs
Energy
5-10

56
Q

Off-site _____ energy, often called “_____ power” or “_____ power,” comes from sources such as _____ farms, _____ power, _____, and _____ third-party sources. Green power is considered better for the environment because of the reduced _____ _____ during _____ or _____ that result in less _____.

A 
Renewable
Green
Clean
Wind
Solar
Hydroelectric
Geothermal
Carbon emissions
Generation
Collection
57
Q

Some electric providers offer indirect _____ of renewable energy. Customers can elect to pay a small _____ to the utility company so that the _____ the utility company _____ comes from a _____ _____.

A 
Purchasing
Premium
Power
Purchases
Green source
58
Q

Define RECs

RECs represent the _____ attributes of _____ produced from _____ energy sources sold separately from _____ electricity.

A

Renewable Energy Certificates

Environmental
Electricity
Renewable
Commodity

59
Q

Define COMMODITY ELECTRICITY

A

Electricity that is sold without regard to how it is produces and is sold at the same price no matter what its origin.

60
Q

One REC = _____MWh

A

1

61
Q

Green Certificates are also known as

1 - Green _____
2 - _____ Renewable Certificates (TRCs)

A

1 - tags

2 - tradable

62
Q

REC does not mean you purchase that hour of _____. REC is purchasing the _____ from the _____ energy that has been created. RECs have no _____ constraints because they are sold _____ from _____.

_____-___ _____ is the nation’s leading _____ program for _____ energy. LEED recognizes renewable energy it it’s been _____ by the Center for Resource _____ or meets _____-___ requirements.

A 
Power
Benefit
Renewable
Geographic
Separately 
Electricity
Green-e Energy
Certification
Renewable
Certified
Solution
Green-e
63
Q

Green-e certifies only “new” _____ energy from facilities put online since _____ and does not certify _____ that were _____ by government.

A

Renewable
1997
Renewables
Mandated

64
Q

Carbon offsets help allow a building owner to _____ _____ to organizations that _____ carbon _____. Carbon offsets are _____ and sold in _____ _____ of carbon dioxide equivalents (_____),

A 
Contribute money
Decrease
Emissions
Quantified
Metric tons
(CO2e)
65
Q

What are three problems with wind energy?

1 - wind is not always _____, so wind systems need a _____ ______ _____
2 - wind energy must be _____ from _____ _____ to where it is needed
3 - “not in _____ _____” response to the large _____

A

1 - constant, backup power supply
2 - transported, windy areas
3 - my backyard, turbines

66
Q

Describe Hydro Energy and list 2 advantages and 1 disadvantage:

Hydro Energy comes from water _____ _____ from lakes or streams

A

Running downwards

Advantage 1 - very clean
Advantage 2 - usually oats less than processing fossil fuels

Disadvantage 1 - dams must be built which disrupts ecosystems

67
Q

Bio-fuel based electrical systems create energy from renewable _____ sources such as _____chips or _____ waste (also called _____)

Wave and Tidal Power Systems create power from the motion of _____ _____.

A

Biological
Wood chips, agricultural waste, biomass
Ocean waves

68
Q

Commissioning is the process of _____ that the building’s _____ related systems are installed, _____ and performing according to the project and owner’s _____.

Retro commissioning is a systematic process for _____, analyzing, and _____ the performance of building systems by improving their _____ and _____ to ensure their continued _____ over time.

A

Verifying, energy
Calibrated, requirements

Investigating, optimizing
Operation, maintenance
Performance

69
Q

It is estimated that as much as _____% of the energy used in an average _____ building is wasted due to poorly commissioned systems. Buildings can underperform for several reasons:

1 - the building was not properly _____
2 - the _____ did not account for all sources of building _____
3 - the building is not properly _____
4 - poor employee _____
5 - the _____ of the building has _____ over time

A

20%, commercial

1 - configured
2 - design, efficiency
3 - maintained
4 - training
5 - use, changed
70
Q

Noncommissioned buildings are generally _____ to _____% less energy efficient because systems were not _____ _____ and/or _____ were incorrectly installed or not working properly.

A

5 to 15%

Fine tuned, parts

71
Q

Describe Biomass Heat Generation

A

Thermochemical gasification - wood, water and air are heated in a low-air environment until the wood undergoes gaseous decomposition. The resulting gaseous products are scrubbed and burned.

Green Associate (7 decks)

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