Energy and water Pt. 1 Flashcards
How much does water cover the ocean?
71%
Is water nonpolar or polar?
Polar
What is the equation for kinetic energy?
1/2 mass velocity
What is the water cycle?
as water is evaporated and precipitated, heat is being transfered to atmosphere which is a source of energy that powers weather systems
What is heat?
total amount of kinetic energy in a substance
What is a calorie?
amount of kinetic energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1c
What is temperature?
the average amount of kinetic energy in the atoms and molecules in a substance.
What is specific heat?
ability of a substance to give up or take in heat to leading to temperature changes
How much does to take to make liquid to gas
+540 calories
How to make a solid to a liquid
+80 calories
How to get gas to liquid.
-540 calories
How to make liquid to solid
-80 calories
What is boiling point?
temperature when the saturated vapor pressure of a liquid is equal the atnospheric pressure
When can water remain at liquid stage?
Water can remain at liquid state >100°C if you change the pressure.
What are the properties of water?
Frozen water is less dense
High heat capacity and heat of evaporation
cohesion and adhesion
water interacts with heat,light, and sound energy
Is the universal solvent
What are the ways water cen interact with energy
transmitted, reflected refracted, diffracted, absorbed, scatters
What is conduction?
Transfer of heat energy through matter by internal molecular motion
What is convection?
transfer through movement of a heated gas or liquid
What is radiation?
transmitted as electromagnetic maves without a substance to conduct the energy
What is verdical temperature distribution?
temperature of seawater decreases with depth. Roughly 75% of ocean has temp between 0- and 4° C.
How is light transmitted by water?
absorbtion,scattered,refracted,electromagnetic radiation
What is aborbtion when light is transmitted through water?
taking in of a substance by chemical or molecular means, change light or sound into another form of energy (usually heat).
What is scatter when light is transmitted through water?
random redirection of light or sound energy by reflection on uneven boundary.
What is refraction when light is transmitted through water?
change in direction of a light or sound wave due to a change in the substance it is moving through.
What is the electromagnetic radiation
waves of energy formed by electrical and magnetic oscillations that produce LIGHT.
What is attenuation?
decrease in the energy of a wave beam with an increase in distance from the surface
What is Beer’s law?
Iz = I0e-kz
What is the depth equation?
-ln(Iz/I0)/k
What is attenuation in open ocean water?
50% of the light is attenuated in the first 10m.
How much water is attenuated by 100m?
100%
