Energy and change, Systems and control (Term 3) Flashcards
What is a Battery?
Two or more cells connected to provide electrical energy.
What is insulation?
Covering on circuit wires that keep the electric current in the wires, also to prevent you from being shocked.
What is a conductor?
A material that allows an electric current to flow through it.
What is a buzzer?
An electric device that converts electrical energy into sound energy.
What is a cell?
A source of electrical energy that stores and then supplies energy to a circuit.
What is an electric motor?
An electric device that converts electrical energy into movement energy.
What is an electric current?
The movement of an electric charge through a conductor.
What is an output?
Device component that changes electrical energy into another form of energy
What are components?
Parts of an electric circuit
What is a circuit diagram?
Diagram of an electric circuit using standard symbols for electric components
What is a switch
A component for controlling whether the current flows in an electrical circuit
Where does the device get its energy?
From a source
What are most electrical cables made of?
Copper
Give 3 examples of output energy
heat, sound, movement, light.
Why do we get electricity?
because all matter has positive and negative particles, same charge repels and opposite charges attract
A positive particle will ATTRACT/REPEL a negative particle.
ATTRACT
A negative particle will ATTRACT/REPEL another negative particle.
REPEL
Where does an electric charge come from?
An energy source such as a battery.
What does an electrical circuit consist of (mainly)?
- A source of energy
- Conducting material
- A device
What do we call electric charges that move through a closed loop (and continuous path)?
An electric circuit
Electricity needs a ___________ to flow.
Continuous path
What is the role of a circuit?
To send electricity from the source to the device.
What is the role of a device?
To change electrical energy into useful output energy.
What 3 things does an electric system mainly consist of?
An input source, a device and an output.
Name two types of energy and explain the difference.
Current- when it flows from one place to another
Static- when it is gathered in one spot
Explain what an electric circuit is
A pathway of electricity (system) used for transferring energy from one place to another.
What do you understand by the term “mains electricity?’
The electricity that comes directly from a power station.
How does a system work? (Hint: Use the words ‘source, device, continuous path, output energy, electricity’.)
The source sends electrical energy through the conducting material (wires), to the device, which turns it into useful output energy such as light or sound. It needs a continuous path to flow.
What is the best conducting material used in wires?
Silver
A good conductor is a [ . ] insulator, and a good insulator is a [ . ] conductor.
poor and poor
What are primary energy sources?
An energy source that hasn’t been changed in any way and can be used to produce other sources of energy e.g. water, fire, wind, gas, sun.
What are secondary sources of energy?
Energy made from a primary energy source, e.g. heat
What are natural energy sources?
Sources of energy that can be found naturally, Wind
Where can oil be found, what exactly is it, and how is it processed?
Oil comes from deep underground in parts of the world. It cannot used until it has gone through a process called refining. Oil is a natural source of energy.
Where can gas be found? How is stored? What is it?
Gas is often found in same places as oil. Must be stored under pressure in special tanks. Is a natural source of energy.
What is coal?
A natural source of energy
How do you mine coal?
In some places, coal is near the surface - that is mined using strip mining. Coal mines are in northern Limpopo and KZN.
What is uranium used to produce, and where is it mined?
Uranium can be used to produce nuclear energy. Mined in Northwestern parts of SA. Koeberg produced first SA nuclear energy using Uranium.
How do we use wind to make electricity? Where can I find a wind farm?
Wind is used to turn large windmills, which in turn creates electricity. there’s a wind farm near Darling, just north of Cape Town.
Biomass is = Renewable/non-renewable energy?
Renewable energy
Biomass is used for..
Heating, transportation, electricity.
Natural gas= Renewable/non-renewable energy?
non-renewable energy
Natural gas is used for..
electricity, heating, manufacturing
Uranium= Renewable/non-renewable energy?
non-renewable energy
Uranium is used for..
electricity
Hydro power= Renewable/non-renewable energy?
Renewable energy
Hydro power is used for..
electricity
Wind= Renewable/non-renewable energy
Renewable energy
coal is used for..
electricity, manufacturing
Solar energy= Renewable/non-renewable energy
Renewable energy
Geothermal is used for..
heating, electricity
Petroleum is used for..
transportation, manufacturing.
Wind is used for..
electricity
Propane is used for..
manufacturing, heating
Solar energy= Renewable/non-renewable energy
Renewable energy
Solar energy is used for..
heating, light, electricity
Solar energy is used for..
heating, light, electricity
Rubber band= Conductor/Insulator
Insulator
coin= Conductor/Insulator
Conductor
toothpick= Conductor/Insulator
Insulator
key= Conductor/Insulator
Conductor
paperclip= Conductor/Insulator
Conductor
Piece of glass= Conductor/Insulator
Insulator
