energy and cellular metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

reduction

A

gain of e-

loss of h+

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2
Q

oxidation

A

loss of e-

gain of h+

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3
Q

phototrophs

A

energy from sunlight

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4
Q

autotrophs

A

energy from own stores

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5
Q

chemotrophs

A

energy from chemical reactions

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6
Q

heterotrophs

A

energy from different sources

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7
Q

metabolism

A

biochemical modification of chemical compounds in living cells and organisms

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8
Q

catabolic pathways

A
reactions that break things down
degradative
energy producing
oxidative
generates ATP
generates NADH
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9
Q

anabolic pathways

A
reactions that build things up
biosynthetic
energy consuming
reductive
uses ATP and NADH
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10
Q

exogonic reaction

A

negative/decrease in gibbs free energy

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11
Q

exergonic reaction

A

positive/increase in gibbs free energy

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12
Q

why do exergonic reactions happen?

A

temp increase

substrate conc. increase

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13
Q

why is ATP so good?

A

easily hydrolysed
forces of repulsion help it break down easier
phosphoanhydride bonds easily hydrolysed

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14
Q

reductant

A

substance that donates electrons

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15
Q

oxidant

A

substance that accepts electrons

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16
Q

negative feedback

A

increased levels of end product allosterically inhibits first enzyme in the pathway

17
Q

feed forward

A

increased levels of substrate stimulate a pathway

18
Q

alkyl aliphatic compound

A

alkane missing 1 hydrogen

19
Q

alkene aliphatic compound

A

hydrocarbon with a C=C

20
Q

alcohol

A

organic compound with one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a carbon atom of an alkyl group

21
Q

aldehyde

A

compound containing a functional group -CHO

22
Q

ketone

A

functional group with structure R2C=O

23
Q

carboxylic acid

A

organic acid with a carboxyl group attached to an R group

24
Q

sulphydryl group

A

functional group of sulphur binded to H