ENERGY Flashcards
1
Q
Functions of Energy:
A
- Release hormones
- Warmth/insulation
- Create body cells/tissue
- Maintain breathing
- Pump blood
- 30-40% is used for muscle movement
2
Q
Sources of Energy:
A
- Confectionary
- Baked goods
- Nuts/seeds
- Fizzy drinks
- Butter/cream/cheese
- Honey
- Sugar
3
Q
Measurements?
A
- 1kcal raises 1g of water 1degree in heat
- 1kcal = 4.18 kjl
- Excess = fat
4
Q
BMR=
A
Energy needed to LIVE
5
Q
METABOLIC RATE=
A
Speed at which the body uses energy
6
Q
Negative energy balance:
A
- Output = greater than Input
= weight LOSS
7
Q
Positive energy balance:
A
- Input = greater than Output
= weight GAIN
8
Q
Factors affecting ENERGY REQUIREMENTS:
A
- Hormones
- Activity Level
- Age
- Gender
- Pregnancy
- Illness
- Body composition
- Environment
9
Q
How do you HORMONES affect your energy requirements?
A
- Hormones help regulate metabolism
- UNDERACTIVE THYROID slows metabolic rate causing DEPRESSION/ WEIGHT GAIN/ LETHARGY
- OVERACTIVE THYROID increases metabolic rate making the body NEED MORE ENERGY
10
Q
How does your ACTIVITY LEVEL affect your energy requirements?
A
- Athletes require more
- Sedentary lifestyle means less is needed
- Different activities require different amounts of energy
- Exercising in hot weather requires more energy to cool yourself down
11
Q
How does your AGE affect your energy requirements?
A
- Older we get less we need
- Young children have HIGHER METABOLISMS and NEED TO GROW
12
Q
How does your GENDER affect your energy requirements?
A
- Men need more due to larger body size
13
Q
How does being PREGNANT affect your energy requirements?
A
- Larger tissue mass
- Lactation requires extra energy
- Extra energy is needed in last 3 months of pregnancy to ensure healthy development of foetus
14
Q
How does ILLNESS affect your energy requirements?
A
- Metabolic rate rises to combat illness therefore more energy is needed to do this
15
Q
How does your BODY COMPOSITION affect your energy requirements?
A
- MUSCLE = more metabolically active than fat tissue
- Those with muscle are more likely to burn off excess fat
