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Year 8 Science > Energy > Flashcards

Energy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Potential energy

A

Stored energy that when is released forms to any other energy but it’s only a possibility.

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2
Q

Gravitational

A

Potential energy of an object that’s not touching earths surface or any other surface mass that has enough mass to have a high gravitational pull.

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3
Q

Elastic

A

Energy stored by an elastic substance that is stretched such as rubber band

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4
Q

Chemical

A

Energy stored in chemicals that when reacted together creates other energy e.g heat, light.

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5
Q

Nuclear

A

Energy stored in the nuclear of atoms that can release energy in a nuclear reactor slow or fast.

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6
Q

Electrical

A

Energy supplied to homes by powerlines(stored energy)

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7
Q

Kinetic

A

Energy possessed by object movement

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8
Q

Heat

A

Energy that cause increase of temp

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9
Q

Light

A

Energy that’s released when an object is hot or by a nuclear reaction in a star

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10
Q

Sound

A

Energy carried by air, detected through waves from our ears

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11
Q

Law of conservation of energy

A

This law states that energy can’t be created or destroyed but only can be transferred from one type to another

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12
Q

Electrical energy

A

Energy moved from current flow.

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13
Q

Gravitational potential energy

A

Stored energy that when released will be turned to gravitational energy

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14
Q

Elastic potential energy

A

Potential energy that is in a stretched position waiting for its release

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15
Q

Nuclear energy

A

Energy derived from the element uranium or plutonium, it is highly radioactive and is used for its atoms that can be split to create heat energy

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16
Q

Efficiency

A

The fraction of energy supplied to a device as useful energy. It is usually expressed as percentage

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17
Q

Convection

A

Transfer of heat through the flow of particles

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18
Q

Insulator

A

MATERIALS that are poor conductors of heat

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19
Q

Conductors

A

Transfer of heat through the collision between particles, usually only metals and solid substances.

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20
Q

Radiation

A

Radiation is another heat transfer method that is an electromagnetic wave that is released as waste from all atoms to keep a balance of positive and negative charge in an atom. The sun releases high radioactive waves that is less radioactive when it reaches the earth, it carries heat. To much radiation can create cancer.

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21
Q

Radiant heat

A

Heat transferred by radiation

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22
Q

Reflected

A

Bounce of

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23
Q

Absorbed

A

Take in

24
Q

Transmitted

A

Passed through something such as light or sound passing through the air

25
Q

Deciduous

A

Describe plants that lose their leafs during winter and autumn

26
Q

Luminous

A

Releasing its own light

27
Q

Incandescent

A

Describes objects that release lights because of their heat

28
Q

Bioluminescent

A

Living things that release light

29
Q

Non-luminous

A

Describes objects that don’t produce light but can be seen by reflected light e.g moon

30
Q

Scattered

A

Describes light sent in many directions by small particles within a substance

31
Q

Visible spectrum

A

Different colours that combine to make up white light, they are separated in rainbows

32
Q

Dispersion

A

Separation of the colours that makes up white light each colours is bent differently when it enters or leaves a glass prism

33
Q

Electromagnetic radiation

A

Radiant energy released by a magnetic or electric fields

34
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

Complete range of wavelengths of energy radiated as electric or magnetic fields

35
Q

Radio waves

A

Low energy electromagnetic waves with much lower frequency and longer wave lengths than visible light

36
Q

Infra red radiation

A

Invisible radiation emitted by all warm objects we feel it as heat

37
Q

Ultraviolet radiation

A

Invisible radiation similar to light with slightly higher frequency and more energy

38
Q

X-rays

A

High energy electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted through solids and provide info about their structure

39
Q

Gamma rays

A

High energy electromagnetic radiation produced during nuclear reactions

40
Q

Rays

A

Narrow beams of light

41
Q

Convex

A

Refers to a lens curved outwards

42
Q

Concave

A

Refers to lens curved inwards

43
Q

Focal points

A

The point where light rays close in toward the point

44
Q

Lateral inversion

A

Sideways reversal of image in a mirror

45
Q

Refraction

A

Change in the speed of light as it passes from one substance into another usually involves change in direction

46
Q

Normal

A

Line drawn perpendicular to a surface at a point where a light ray meets it

47
Q

Image

A

Picture of an object

48
Q

Vibrations

A

Repeated fast back and forth movements

49
Q

Compression

A

The process of pushing a material into itself

50
Q

Rarefaction

A

In sound waves the layer of air particles that are spread apart between compression

51
Q

Sound waves

A

Vibration of particles in the air

52
Q

Frequency

A

Number of vibration in one second or the number of wavelengths passing in one second

53
Q

Hertz

A

Unit of frequency its abbreviation is HZ one hertz is equal to one vibration each second.

54
Q

Pitch

A

The highness or lowness of a sound. The pitch that you hear depends on the frequency of the vibrating air.

55
Q

Wavelengths

A

Distance between two neighbouring crest if sound this is the distance between the compression

56
Q

Amplitude

A

Max distance that a particle moves away from its middle line, measured by decibels

Year 8 Science (4 decks)

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