Energy Flashcards
Potential energy
Stored energy that when is released forms to any other energy but it’s only a possibility.
Gravitational
Potential energy of an object that’s not touching earths surface or any other surface mass that has enough mass to have a high gravitational pull.
Elastic
Energy stored by an elastic substance that is stretched such as rubber band
Chemical
Energy stored in chemicals that when reacted together creates other energy e.g heat, light.
Nuclear
Energy stored in the nuclear of atoms that can release energy in a nuclear reactor slow or fast.
Electrical
Energy supplied to homes by powerlines(stored energy)
Kinetic
Energy possessed by object movement
Heat
Energy that cause increase of temp
Light
Energy that’s released when an object is hot or by a nuclear reaction in a star
Sound
Energy carried by air, detected through waves from our ears
Law of conservation of energy
This law states that energy can’t be created or destroyed but only can be transferred from one type to another
Electrical energy
Energy moved from current flow.
Gravitational potential energy
Stored energy that when released will be turned to gravitational energy
Elastic potential energy
Potential energy that is in a stretched position waiting for its release
Nuclear energy
Energy derived from the element uranium or plutonium, it is highly radioactive and is used for its atoms that can be split to create heat energy
Efficiency
The fraction of energy supplied to a device as useful energy. It is usually expressed as percentage
Convection
Transfer of heat through the flow of particles
Insulator
MATERIALS that are poor conductors of heat
Conductors
Transfer of heat through the collision between particles, usually only metals and solid substances.
Radiation
Radiation is another heat transfer method that is an electromagnetic wave that is released as waste from all atoms to keep a balance of positive and negative charge in an atom. The sun releases high radioactive waves that is less radioactive when it reaches the earth, it carries heat. To much radiation can create cancer.
Radiant heat
Heat transferred by radiation
Reflected
Bounce of
Absorbed
Take in
Transmitted
Passed through something such as light or sound passing through the air
Deciduous
Describe plants that lose their leafs during winter and autumn
Luminous
Releasing its own light
Incandescent
Describes objects that release lights because of their heat
Bioluminescent
Living things that release light
Non-luminous
Describes objects that don’t produce light but can be seen by reflected light e.g moon
Scattered
Describes light sent in many directions by small particles within a substance
Visible spectrum
Different colours that combine to make up white light, they are separated in rainbows
Dispersion
Separation of the colours that makes up white light each colours is bent differently when it enters or leaves a glass prism
Electromagnetic radiation
Radiant energy released by a magnetic or electric fields
Electromagnetic spectrum
Complete range of wavelengths of energy radiated as electric or magnetic fields
Radio waves
Low energy electromagnetic waves with much lower frequency and longer wave lengths than visible light
Infra red radiation
Invisible radiation emitted by all warm objects we feel it as heat
Ultraviolet radiation
Invisible radiation similar to light with slightly higher frequency and more energy
X-rays
High energy electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted through solids and provide info about their structure
Gamma rays
High energy electromagnetic radiation produced during nuclear reactions
Rays
Narrow beams of light
Convex
Refers to a lens curved outwards
Concave
Refers to lens curved inwards
Focal points
The point where light rays close in toward the point
Lateral inversion
Sideways reversal of image in a mirror
Refraction
Change in the speed of light as it passes from one substance into another usually involves change in direction
Normal
Line drawn perpendicular to a surface at a point where a light ray meets it
Image
Picture of an object
Vibrations
Repeated fast back and forth movements
Compression
The process of pushing a material into itself
Rarefaction
In sound waves the layer of air particles that are spread apart between compression
Sound waves
Vibration of particles in the air
Frequency
Number of vibration in one second or the number of wavelengths passing in one second
Hertz
Unit of frequency its abbreviation is HZ one hertz is equal to one vibration each second.
Pitch
The highness or lowness of a sound. The pitch that you hear depends on the frequency of the vibrating air.
Wavelengths
Distance between two neighbouring crest if sound this is the distance between the compression
Amplitude
Max distance that a particle moves away from its middle line, measured by decibels
