Energy

Question 0

When a metal bar is heated at one end, the free electrons at that end … They … And … With other free electrons. As a result, they … Energy from the hot end of the metal. The free electrons … With the atoms and make them … More.

Answer 0

Move faster
Vibrate
Collide
Transfer
Collide
Diffuse

Question 1

Metals are good conductors because…

Answer 1

They contain lots of electrons that can move about freely inside the metal

Question 2

What material is the best conductor

Answer 2

Copper

Question 3

What material is used to make saucepan handles from

Answer 3

Plastic

Question 4

Which material would be best for loft insulation

Answer 4

Felt/foam

Question 5

Which material is used to make heating radiators from

Answer 5

Steel

Question 6

Ways to reduce heat loss from your home

Answer 6

Double glazed windows
Loft insulation
Thermostat

Question 7

Double glazed windows

Answer 7

Vacuum in the middle of two glass panes with a plastic frame

Question 8

Double glazed windows cut down heat loss in the house as glass is a … Conductor and the panes are … Times as thick as a single pane. Plastic is a … Insulator so it … Very little heat. There is no … Or … Through the vacuum because a vacuum is empty space.

Answer 8

Poor
Three
Good
Loses
Conduction
Convection

Question 9

Cold water pipes at home freeze in the winter and could burst as ice has a larger volume than water, give a solution and a reason.

Answer 9

Put insulation around them in order for the heat not to be lost ie rubber/plastic/felt

Question 10

Label a vacuum flask

Answer 10

In workbook

Question 11

Plastic cap on a vacuum flask cuts down … as it is a … Conductor. Double walled glass container cuts down … As it … Vacuum cuts down … And … As it cannot … Due to the absence of … Plastic container provides … As it …

Answer 11

Conduction
Poor
Radiation
Reflects
Convection
Conduction
Cannot occur
Particles
Insulation
Traps heat

Question 12

Thermal radiation is energy transfer by…

Answer 12

Electro magnetic waves

Question 13

All bodies emit …

Answer 13

Thermal radiation (more if hotter)

Question 14

…surfaces are better absorbers and emitters of thermal radiation than … Surfaces

Answer 14

Dark matt

Light shiny

Question 15

Non metals are bad conductors as they do not..

Answer 15

Contain free electrons

Question 16

Materials such as fibre glass are … Insulators as they contain pockets of trapped …

Answer 16

Good

Air

Question 17

Convection takes place only in

Answer 17

Liquids and gases

Question 18

Heating a liquid or a gas makes it … Dense

Answer 18

Less

Question 19

Convection is due to a hot liquid or gas …

Answer 19

Rising

Question 20

A radiator has a large surface area so it can

Answer 20

Lose heat easily

Question 21

Large objects lose heat … Than small objects do

Answer 21

More easily

Question 22

4 ways a building can reduce heat loss

Answer 22

• aluminium foil behind radiators
• cavity wall insulation
• double glazing
• loft insulation

Question 23

Conduction

Answer 23

The transfer of heat through matter (the matter does not move) passing the energy from one vibrating atom to the next

Question 24

Are metals good conductors

Answer 24

Yes, while non metallic substances are poor conductors of heat

Question 25

Poor conductors of heat are also known as

Answer 25

Insulators

Question 26

What is the best insulator of heat

Answer 26

A vacuum

Question 27

Only heat can pass through a vacuum via

Answer 27

Radiation

Question 28

Air is also one of the best insulators as

Answer 28

Very little heat can pass through by conduction

Question 29

Uses of poor conductors

Answer 29

Food containers ie styrofoam

Question 30

Example use of good conductors of heat

Answer 30

Cooking pots and pans

Question 31

Convection

Answer 31

The transfer of heat from one place to another by the movement of the heated material itself

Question 32

Convection occurs in

Answer 32

Only liquids and gases

Question 33

Convection produces a convection current where

Answer 33

Hot air/liquid will rise and expand while colder air/liquid sinks like a circle

Question 34

Radiation

Answer 34

The transfer of energy through a vacuum in the form of electromagnetic waves

Question 35

Dark or black with dull surfaces ... Heat and .., heat easily

Answer 35

Radiate/emit | Absorb

Question 36

Objects with shiny and smooth surfaces are .. Radiators and absorbers of heat

Answer 36

Bad

Question 37

Explain why a string vest may keep you cooler in the winter

Answer 37

As air particles are captured in the holes of the vest, which make an insulation

Question 38

What can be used on doors in houses to prevent heat loss

Answer 38

Plastic strips along the seems for insulation

Question 39

Kinetic energy

Answer 39

Movement energy, car, running, blood

Question 40

Gravitational potential energy

Answer 40

Energy gained by reaching a higher point, rocket, lift, jumping

Question 41

Elastic potential energy

Answer 41

Energy gained by stretching, rubber band, spring, trampoline

Question 42

Nuclear energy

Answer 42

Energy stored in the nucleus of atoms, bomb, atom nucleus, power station

Question 43

Sound energy

Answer 43

Energy that projects noise, speaking, instrument, ultrasound

Question 44

Thermal energy

Answer 44

Heat energy, fire, sun, animals

Question 45

Chemical energy

Answer 45

Energy stored in things like food, batteries, petrol

Question 46

Electrical energy

Answer 46

Energy with an electrical current, chargers, radio, TV

Question 47

Light energy

Answer 47

Energy that produces a beam, firework, lightbulb, sun

Question 48

Write the energy transformation equation

Answer 48

Input energy --> useful energy output + wasted energy output

Question 49

Popping a balloon energy transformation

Answer 49

Kinetic --> sound + kinetic

Question 50

Wind up torch energy transformation

Answer 50

Elastic potential + sound --> light + thermal

Question 51

How does convection force a hot air balloon to fly

Answer 51

Hot air is less dense than cold air so therefore it rises, forcing the balloon to fly as the hot air cannot escape

Question 52

Some fossil fuels

Answer 52

Coal Oil Natural gas

Question 53

Main energy source of the planet is

Answer 53

Fossil fuels

Question 54

What is a non renewable energy source

Answer 54

One that effectively cannot be replaced once it has been used

Question 55

Burning fossil fuels lets

Answer 55

CO2 off into the atmosphere which is a greenhouse gas

Question 56

Greenhouse gases .. The suns heat in the earths atmosphere and cause the average temp of the atmosphere to .. This is called ...

Answer 56

Trap Rise Global warming

Question 57

Burning ... Releases more CO2 than any other fossil fuel when burnt

Answer 57

Coal

Question 58

When ... Is burnt it releases the least amount of CO2 into the atmosphere in fossil fuels

Answer 58

Natural gas

Question 59

There is no way of avoiding the ... Of carbon dioxide when fuels are burnt

Answer 59

Release

Question 60

Most types of coal and oil contain

Answer 60

Sulphur

Question 61

When sulphur is burnt it converts into

Answer 61

Sulphur dioxide

Question 62

When sulphur dioxide mixes with water in the atmosphere it forms

Answer 62

Acid rain

Question 63

Acid rain causes damages to

Answer 63

People, buildings, trees, lakes

Question 64

It is possible to remove sulphur and sulphur dioxide, however

Answer 64

It increases the cost of production

Question 65

Nuclear reactors use .. To produce energy

Answer 65

Uranium (a particular isotope of it)

Question 66

Even though nuclear reactors need a small amount of uranium it is in

Answer 66

Limited supply

Question 67

Nuclear fuel is considered

Answer 67

Clean

Question 68

The cost of nuclear fuel is very low however there is a ... Risk of accidents and when the station is finished with it is hard to get rid of materials such as ... If they are released it can cause long lasting affects to ... Nuclear power stations are also ... To build

Answer 68

High Plutonium and uranium Living things Very expensive

Question 69

When burning energy sources, the heat is used to ... water, causing high ... steam that makes the blades of a turbine ... The turbine is used to spin the generator which makes ...

Answer 69

Warm Pressure Spin Electricity

Question 70

Renewable energy source is one that

Answer 70

Will not run out ie wood

Question 71

Wood when burnt produces

Answer 71

Fossil fuels

Question 72

What is hydroelectric power

Answer 72

These stations use GPE of water in high reservoirs built in mountains, converted to KE when the water is releases and flows down the mountain to the power station below, as it drops the turbine is used to turn the generators

Question 73

Hydroelectric power is renewable because

Answer 73

When it rains the reservoirs are refilled

Question 74

Hydroelectric powers only disadvantage is

Answer 74

Spoiling landscape | Possibly destroying/altering natural habitat for wildlife

Question 75

Tidal power is

Answer 75

A mass amount of water generates power by turning turbines as the tide flows into a dammed river estuary, as the tide falls and the water flows out of the estuary the turbines are spun again , however not many places are suited for this

Question 76

Wind power is

Answer 76

Only windmill plants where a lot of wind blows for a significant proportion of the year, can ruin landscape, cause noise pollution, kill birds and bats at night

Question 77

Solar power is

Answer 77

Solar cells which convert light energy directly into electrical energy however not efficient and expensive, they absorb thermal radiation and use it to heat water

Question 78

Geothermal energy is

Answer 78

Heat energy stored deep inside the earth, found in volcanic regions, decay of radioactive elements such as uranium, iceland used to drive the turbines in electricity generation stations, water also used to provide heating by piping directly to houses, can also be used in areas without hot springs in rock layers a few metres deep hot enough to produce steam

Question 79

Different types of power station differ in

Answer 79

Speed with which they can meet changes in demand for electricity

Question 80

Early morning demand

Answer 80

Hugh

Question 81

Winter demand

Answer 81

High

Question 82

Nuclear power ... Meet immediate energy surge demands

Answer 82

Cannot | As it takes a long time to heat up

Question 83

Fossil fuel burners can start easier and quicker but

Answer 83

Will still take time before they start to produce electricity

Question 84

Hydroelectric power is reliable and

Answer 84

Can quickly produce electricity

Question 85

Wind power producing is totally dependent on

Answer 85

The strength, direction and frequency

Question 86

The cost of producing nuclear energy

Answer 86

Is low but to build the stations is very expensive, the pay back time is long and demolition process is slow and expensive

Question 87

Cost of windfarms

Answer 87

Is much lower than nuclear however it produces less energy so payback time is still long