Energy

Question 0

Transfer of mechanical energy to electrical energy

Answer 0

Turbine

Question 1

Transfer of electrical energy to mechanical energy

Answer 1

An electrical motor

Question 2

Transfer of electrical energy to thermal energy

Answer 2

Electrical Resistor

Some energy will always be lost through thermal energy in any exchange

Question 3

Transfer of thermal energy to electrical energy

Answer 3

Multiferric Ni45Co5Mn40Sn10 alloy

Question 4

Storage of electrical energy as chemical energy

Answer 4

Electrolytic reaction

Question 5

Activation of chemical energy into electrical energy

Answer 5

Voltaic reaction

Question 6

Activation of chemical energy into thermal energy

Answer 6

Exothermic reaction

Some energy will always be lost through thermal energy in any exchange

Question 7

Storage of thermal energy as chemical energy

Answer 7

Endothermic reaction

Question 8

Activation of chemical energy into mechanical energy

Answer 8

Control-streamed combustion reaction

Question 9

Transfer of chemical energy into gravitational energy

Answer 9

Vertical control-streamed combustion reaction

Question 10

Activation of gravitational energy into mechanical energy

Answer 10

‘Dropping’
Or Slingshot Gravitational approach

Use of gravitational force on the edge of a vertical rotating surface

Question 11

Activation of gravitational energy into electrical energy

Answer 11

Submersion of piezoelectric material in liquid (ideally the ocean)

Question 12

Activation of chemical energy as photon energy

Answer 12

Chemiluminecent reactions

Question 13

Activation of chemical energy as elastic energy

Answer 13

Gas evolution reactions that increase pressure on an elastic material

Question 14

Transfer gravitational energy into elastic energy

Answer 14

Hang mass from an elastic material above ground

Question 15

Transfer of elastic energy into gravitational energy

Answer 15

The use of an elastic material to launch something vertically

Question 16

Activation of elastic energy as mechanical energy

Answer 16

Using an elastic material to launch something horizontally

Question 17

Activating of elastic energy as electrical energy

Answer 17

Use of an elastic material to apply pressure to a piezoelectric material

Question 18

Activation of elastic energy as thermal energy

Answer 18

Using an elastic material to decrease the overall volume within a system

Some energy will always be lost through thermal energy in any exchange

Question 19

Activation of gravitational energy as thermal energy

Answer 19

Submersion of an entire system in liquid to increase external pressure and decrease volume

Question 20

Transfer from one energy state to another

Answer 20

Always involves the application of a force

Question 21

Storage of mechanical energy as gravitational energy

Answer 21

Rotation of a circular surface to raise an object on its outer edge

Question 23

Second law of thermodynamics

Answer 23

Given work in a closed system, the final state will always have less potential energy than the initial state

Everything tends to a point of lowest stored energy

Which means, for any spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases
Also that thermal energy cannot travel from a cold area to a warm area
And finally, in any closed system, the entropy of the system will either remain constant or increase, but never decreases

Question 24

Zeroth law of themodynamics

Answer 24

If two separate systems both have the same amount of energy as a third system, then all three they have the same amount of energy

Question 25

First law of thermodynamics

Answer 25

The increase in internal energy of a closed system is equal to the difference of the heat supplied to the system and the work done by it: ΔU = Q - W

Which means that all energy is conserved, it cannot be created or destroyed, only transfered from one state to another

And by adding heat to the system, you either increase internal energy or you cause work to be done within the system

Question 26

Transfer of mechanical energy into thermal energy

Answer 26

Natural product of mechanical energy

Some energy will always be lost through thermal energy in any exchange

Question 27

Entropy

Answer 27

A thermodynamic function that increases with the number of energetically equivalent ways to arrange the components of a system to achieve a particular state
S=k*ln(W)

Question 28

Work

Answer 28

The use of energy to create a force
Given in NewtonMeters, the product of force and displacement or the integral of Force as a function of displacement when graphed against eachother
W=F*Δs=∫F(Δs)

Question 29

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 29

As a system approaches absolute zero the entropy of the system approaches a minimum value and it is therefore impossible to reduce any system to absolute zero in a finite series of operations.
The entropy of a perfect crystal of an element in its most stable form tends to zero as the temperature approaches absolute zero.

Question 30

Enthalpy

Answer 30

Sum of the internal energy to its pressure and volume

H=E+PV

Question 31

Gibbs free energy

Answer 31

The maximum amount of system energy that can be obtained from a closed system at a constant temperature, pressure, and volume
ΔG= ΔH -T(ΔS)

Question 32

Boltzman Equation

Answer 32

S=k*ln(W)

Question 33

Gibbs free energy from battery potential (voltage)

Answer 33

ΔG=-nFE.cell

Question 34

Hermoltz Free energy

Answer 34

The amount of energy in the system that will actually be used for work and not lost as heat in a system of constant temperature but change pressure or volume
A=U-T(S)

Question 35

Gravitational energy

Answer 35

U=9.81mh

Question 36

Mechanical energy

Answer 36

U=(m*v^2)/2

Question 37

Elastic energy

Answer 37

U=(1/2)k(Δx)^2

k- is the elastic constant

Question 38

Photon energy

Answer 38

U=h*λ

λ=wavelength
h= 6.626 × 10^-34

Question 39

Thermal Energy

Answer 39

U=C(T)*T

T=Temperature
C(T)=specific heat capacity function (depends on T)

Question 40

Electrical Energy

Answer 40

U=Pt
=[(q1q2)/r]/(4πε)

Where ε is the permeability constant of the material in question

Question 41

Mass-energy equivalent

Answer 41

E=mc^2

Used to calculate mass from given energy

Question 42

Faraday Constant

Answer 42

96,485

Question 43

Energy density

Answer 43

Energy per unit of volume