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physics gcse > energy > Flashcards

energy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is energy

A

Energy is the ability to do work

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2
Q

Unit of energy

A

Joules

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3
Q

Kenetic energy

A

The energy an object has because it is moving

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4
Q

Light energy

A

Given off by anything that glows

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5
Q

Sound energy

A

Vibrations cause by air particles moving

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6
Q

Electrical energy

A

Produced by electrons flowing
*cables are a dead give away

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7
Q

Nuclear energy

A

Released when nuclei split up join together

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8
Q

Fusion

A

Joining nuclei (sun)

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9
Q

Fission

A

Splitting nuclei (power stations)

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10
Q

Chemical energy and where to find

A

Stored energy that is not released until a chemical reaction occurs
Fuel. Batteries. Food.

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11
Q

Elastic or strain potential energy

A

The energy an object has because it has been stretched or compressed

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12
Q

Heat energy

A

Given off by anything above absolute zero (-273*c)

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13
Q

Magnetic energy

A

When there is a magnetic force between two objects

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14
Q

How to remember energy names

A

Most
Kids
Hate
Learning
G
C
S
E
Energy
Names

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15
Q

Principle of conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from one form to another

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16
Q

where does almost every energy come from

A

the sun

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17
Q

what energy does not come from the sun

A

nuclear fuel eg. uranium, tidal and geothermal energy

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18
Q

in energy transfer idagrams what line is the useful energy and what part is the non-useful energy

A

useful energy-straight bit
waste energy- curved bit

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19
Q

definition of renewable energy

A

energy that is collected from resources that will never run out

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20
Q

definition of non-renewable energy

A

an evergy that has a finite supply and will run out

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21
Q

why are fossil fuels non-renewable

A

because they cannot be replaced in a human lifetime

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22
Q

energy source of fossil fuels

A

coal
oil
gas

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23
Q

how does of fossil fuels generate electricity

A

burning them makes stem.
the steam spins turbines which are attached to generators

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24
Q

energy transfer diagrams for of fossil fuels

A

chemical
|
heat
|
kinetic
|
electrical

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25
Q

what are the advantages of of fossil fuels

A

constant energy

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26
Q

limitations of of fossil fuels

A
  • non-renewable
  • will run out
  • produces carbon dioxide
  • produces sulphur dioxide
27
Q

how does nuclear fuel produce electricity

A

fission in fuel rods heats them up
steam is produced like a normal power station after that

28
Q

what are the advantages of nuclear fuel

A
  • constant energy
  • no carbon dioxide produced
29
Q

what are the limitations of nuclear fuel

A
  • non-renewable
  • uranium will run out
30
Q

how does solar power make electricity

A

photovoltaic cells convert sunlight directly to electricity

31
Q

nuclear fuel energy transfer diagrams

A

nuclear
|
heat
|
kinetic
|
electrical

32
Q

solar power energy transfer diagram

A

light
|
electrical

33
Q

what are the advantages of solar power

A

no carbon dioxide produced

34
Q

what are the limitation of solar power

A

can only happen during the day

35
Q

how does hydroelectric energy produce electricity

A
  • dam holds back vast amounts of water
  • water is allowed out through turbines
  • which spins a generator
36
Q

hydroelectric energy transfer diagrams

A

gpe
|
kinetic
|
electrical

37
Q

what are the advantages of hydroelectric

A
  • no carbon dioxide produced
  • renewable energy
  • creates lots of energy
38
Q

limitations of hydroelectric

A
  • possible flooding
  • drought
  • displaces animals and animals
39
Q

what are the advantages of biomass

A

loop

40
Q

energy transfer of biomass

A

chemical
|
heat
|
kinetic
|
electrical

41
Q

energy transfer for geothermal

A

heat
|
kinetic
|
electrical

42
Q

advantages of geothermal

A

no carbon dioxide produced

43
Q

limitations of geothermal

A

hot rock not always near enough to surface

44
Q

advantages of wind energy

A

no carbon dioxide

45
Q

limitations of wind energy

A

no wind no energy

46
Q

advantages of wave energy

A

no carbon dioxide and its renewable

47
Q

limitations of wave energy

A

no waves=no energy

48
Q

advantages of tidal energy

A

tides come 2x a day at predictable times
no carbon dioxide

49
Q

limitations of tidal energy

A

tide heights depends on the time of year

50
Q

what causes acid rain

A

sulphur dioxide

51
Q

definition of acid rain

A

rainfall made so acidic by atmospheric pollution that it causes environmental harm, chiefly to forests and lakes. the main cause is the industrial burning of coal and other fossil fuels, the waste gases from which contains sulphur and nitrogen oxides which combine atmosphere water to form acids.

52
Q

what causes global warming

A

carbon dioxide

53
Q

what is work

A

a force that causes movement

54
Q

when does work happen

A

happens when energy is changed from one form to another

55
Q

equation for work

A

. /__w__\
/F|D\

56
Q

what is power

A

the rate at which work is done

57
Q

what is work measured in

A

joules

58
Q

what is power measured in

A

WATTS

59
Q

equations for power

A

. /__w__\
/P|t\

60
Q

gravitational potential energy equation

A

Ep = m × g × h

61
Q

kinetic energy equation

A

K.E. = 1/2 x m x v2

62
Q

Efficiency =

A

Efficiency = useful power out ÷ total power in

63
Q

why can efficiency never be more than 1

A

principle of conservation

physics gcse (7 decks)

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