energy Flashcards
What is energy
Energy is the ability to do work
Unit of energy
Joules
Kenetic energy
The energy an object has because it is moving
Light energy
Given off by anything that glows
Sound energy
Vibrations cause by air particles moving
Electrical energy
Produced by electrons flowing
*cables are a dead give away
Nuclear energy
Released when nuclei split up join together
Fusion
Joining nuclei (sun)
Fission
Splitting nuclei (power stations)
Chemical energy and where to find
Stored energy that is not released until a chemical reaction occurs
Fuel. Batteries. Food.
Elastic or strain potential energy
The energy an object has because it has been stretched or compressed
Heat energy
Given off by anything above absolute zero (-273*c)
Magnetic energy
When there is a magnetic force between two objects
How to remember energy names
Most
Kids
Hate
Learning
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Energy
Names
Principle of conservation of energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from one form to another
where does almost every energy come from
the sun
what energy does not come from the sun
nuclear fuel eg. uranium, tidal and geothermal energy
in energy transfer idagrams what line is the useful energy and what part is the non-useful energy
useful energy-straight bit
waste energy- curved bit
definition of renewable energy
energy that is collected from resources that will never run out
definition of non-renewable energy
an evergy that has a finite supply and will run out
why are fossil fuels non-renewable
because they cannot be replaced in a human lifetime
energy source of fossil fuels
coal
oil
gas
how does of fossil fuels generate electricity
burning them makes stem.
the steam spins turbines which are attached to generators
energy transfer diagrams for of fossil fuels
chemical
|
heat
|
kinetic
|
electrical
what are the advantages of of fossil fuels
constant energy
limitations of of fossil fuels
- non-renewable
- will run out
- produces carbon dioxide
- produces sulphur dioxide
how does nuclear fuel produce electricity
fission in fuel rods heats them up
steam is produced like a normal power station after that
what are the advantages of nuclear fuel
- constant energy
- no carbon dioxide produced
what are the limitations of nuclear fuel
- non-renewable
- uranium will run out
how does solar power make electricity
photovoltaic cells convert sunlight directly to electricity
nuclear fuel energy transfer diagrams
nuclear
|
heat
|
kinetic
|
electrical
solar power energy transfer diagram
light
|
electrical
what are the advantages of solar power
no carbon dioxide produced
what are the limitation of solar power
can only happen during the day
how does hydroelectric energy produce electricity
- dam holds back vast amounts of water
- water is allowed out through turbines
- which spins a generator
hydroelectric energy transfer diagrams
gpe
|
kinetic
|
electrical
what are the advantages of hydroelectric
- no carbon dioxide produced
- renewable energy
- creates lots of energy
limitations of hydroelectric
- possible flooding
- drought
- displaces animals and animals
what are the advantages of biomass
loop
energy transfer of biomass
chemical
|
heat
|
kinetic
|
electrical
energy transfer for geothermal
heat
|
kinetic
|
electrical
advantages of geothermal
no carbon dioxide produced
limitations of geothermal
hot rock not always near enough to surface
advantages of wind energy
no carbon dioxide
limitations of wind energy
no wind no energy
advantages of wave energy
no carbon dioxide and its renewable
limitations of wave energy
no waves=no energy
advantages of tidal energy
tides come 2x a day at predictable times
no carbon dioxide
limitations of tidal energy
tide heights depends on the time of year
what causes acid rain
sulphur dioxide
definition of acid rain
rainfall made so acidic by atmospheric pollution that it causes environmental harm, chiefly to forests and lakes. the main cause is the industrial burning of coal and other fossil fuels, the waste gases from which contains sulphur and nitrogen oxides which combine atmosphere water to form acids.
what causes global warming
carbon dioxide
what is work
a force that causes movement
when does work happen
happens when energy is changed from one form to another
equation for work
. /__w__\
/F|D\
what is power
the rate at which work is done
what is work measured in
joules
what is power measured in
WATTS
equations for power
. /__w__\
/P|t\
gravitational potential energy equation
Ep = m × g × h
kinetic energy equation
K.E. = 1/2 x m x v2
Efficiency =
Efficiency = useful power out ÷ total power in
why can efficiency never be more than 1
principle of conservation
