Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Erin Y3 - Reproduction > Endometrial Neoplasia > Flashcards

Endometrial Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

What is endometrial hyperplasia?

A

Overgrowth of the endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cause of endometrial hyperplasia

A

Often unknown, may be due to persistent oestrogen stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sub-divisions of endometrial hyperplasia

A

Simple
Complex
Atypical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Presentation of endometrial hyperplasia

A

Abnormal uterine bleeding

Postmenopausal bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Treatment of endometrial hyperplasia

A

Premenopausal women: progestogens (e.g. Mirena coil)

Atypical hyperplasia: hysterectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Most endometrial carcinomas are ______

A

Adenocarcinomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Type 1 endometrial carcinomas

A

Endometrioid, mucinous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Precursor lesion for type 1 endometrial carcinoma

A

Atypical endometrial hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Time of presentation of type 1 endometrial carcinoma

A

Shortly after menopause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Genetic mutations associated with type 1 endometrial carcinoma

A

PTEN, KRAS, PIK3CA

Microsatellite instability e.g. Lynch syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Type 2 endometrial carcinoma

A

Serous, clear cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Precursor lesion for type 2 endometrial carcinoma

A

Serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which type of endometrial carcinoma is related to unopposed oestrogen?

A

Type 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which type of endometrial carcinoma higher grade and more aggressive?

A

Type 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Time of presentation of type 2 endometrial carcinoma

A

Older women

May present with extrauterine disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Genetic mutations associated with type 2 endometrial carcinoma

A

TP53

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Presentation of endometrial carcinoma

A

Abnormal uterine bleeding
Postmenopausal bleeding
Pain (may indicate metastases)
Pelvic mass (moving in line with the cervix)

18
Q

Risk factors for endometrial carcinoma

A 
50-60yrs
PCOS
Lynch syndrome
Tamoxifen
T2DM
Obesity
19
Q

Why is obesity a risk factor for endometrial carcinoma?

A

Adipocytes express aromatase that converts ovarian androgens into oestrogens which induce endometrial proliferation

20
Q

Investigations for endometrial carcinoma

A 
TVUS
Endometrial biopsy
Dilatation and curettage
Hysteroscopy
MRI: assess myometrial invasion
CT: distant metastases
21
Q

Investigations for endometrial hyperplasia

A

TVUS

Endometrial biopsy

22
Q

Treatment of endometrial carcinoma

A

Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy +/- lymphadenectomy

Radiotherapy: adjuvant to prevent recurrence

23
Q

Treatment for widespread disease in endometrial carcinoma

A

Chemotherapy

24
Q

Treatment for patients with endometrial carcinoma who aren’t suitable for surgery

A

Radiotherapy or high dose progestogens

25
Q

Treatment for recurrence of endometrial carcinoma

A

Radiotherapy if not previously received

Progestogens and chemotherapy

26
Q

Where dose endometrial stromal sarcoma arise from?

A

Endometrial stroma

27
Q

What may the initial presentation of endometrial stromal sarcoma be?

A

Metastases (lung, ovary)

28
Q

Where dose carcinosarcoma arise from?

A

Mixed tumour with malignant epithelial and stromal elements

29
Q

In carcinosarcoma presence of ______ component = worst prognosis

A

Rhabdomyosarcomatous

30
Q

Grade 1 endometrial carcinoma

A

≤5% solid growth

31
Q

Grade 2 endometrial carcinoma

A

6-50% solid growth

32
Q

Grade 3 endometrial carcinoma

A

> 50% solid growth

33
Q

Stage 1A endometrial carcinoma

A

Tumour confined to the uterus, no or <1/2 myometrial invasion

34
Q

Stage 1B endometrial carcinoma

A

Tumour confined to the uterus, >1/2 myometrial invasion

35
Q

Stage 2 endometrial carcinoma

A

Cervical stromal invasion, but not beyond uterus

36
Q

Stage 3A endometrial carcinoma

A

Tumour invades serosa or adnexa

37
Q

Stage 3B endometrial carcinoma

A

Vaginal and/or parametrial involvement

38
Q

Stage 3C1 endometrial carcinoma

A

Pelvic node involvement

39
Q

Stage 3C2 endometrial carcinoma

A

Para-aortic involvement

40
Q

Stage 4A endometrial

A

Tumour invasion bladder and/or bowel mucosa

41
Q

Stage 4B endometrial

A

Distant metastases including abdominal metastases and/or inguinal lymph nodes

Erin Y3 - Reproduction (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions