endocytosis, endosomes, and lysosomes

Question 1

what happens when all the molecules are formed?

Answer 1

proteins, lipids and poly-saccharides are sorted into different kinds of ‘cargo’ within secretory vesicles that bud from ER

Question 2

what is the process on vesicles are formed?

Answer 2

rough er
golgi
secretory vesicles
pm and cell exterior

Question 3

what is the role of transport cargos? 1/2

Answer 3

collect ‘cargo’ in buds arising from the membranes of 1st organelle (‘donor’).

Question 4

what is the role of transport cargos? 2/2

Answer 4

deliver ‘cargo’ to its destination by fusing with the membrane of the ‘target’ organelle.

Question 5

HOW DO VESICLES ‘KNOW’ WHERE TO GO?

Answer 5

The type of vesicle coat determines where the vesicles go

Question 6

how do vesicles ‘know’ which typr of cargo to carry?

Answer 6

Cargo-receptor proteins bind to ‘labels’ on different types of cargo to ensure that each type of vesicle contains correct cargo.

Question 7

what do SNARE proteins do>

Answer 7

interact with cargo-receptor proteins
and
cover vesicle surface with correct type of Vesicle Coat

Question 8

in exocytosis how is docking achieved?

Answer 8

Rab proteins tether the two membranes together

Question 9

in excyotsis what proteins is needed

Answer 9

[Ca2+ sensor]

Question 10

what happens in excyotis once it reaches the cell?

Answer 10

When secretory vesicle membrane becomes part of PM, the vesicle contents are lost out of the cell.

Question 11

what is a constitutive pathway?

Answer 11

Continuous budding of vesicles from TGN.

Question 12

explain constitutive pathway more?

Answer 12

Supplies newly-made lipids/proteins to PM

Question 13

what is a regulated pathway?

Answer 13

when cell is stimulated by extracellular signal to produce large quantities of a particular product (e.g. hormones