Endocrinology

Question 0

Define endocrine tissue

Answer 0

A group of cells that secrete hormones

Question 1

Define hormone

Answer 1

A chemical signal transported in the blood that is secreted by endocrine tissue

Question 2

Define receptor

Answer 2

A protein in target cells that detects hormones

Question 3

Define target cell

Answer 3

A cell that responds to a specific hormone

Question 4

Define second messenger

Answer 4

A chemical that transmits the hormone message from the receptor to the effector

Question 5

Define effector

Answer 5

A protein regulated by a hormone that brings about the cellular effects

Question 6

Steroid hormones act through intracellular receptors?

True or false?

Answer 6

True – they can cross cell membranes

Question 7

Polypeptide hormones can readily cross plasma membranes?

True or false?

Answer 7

False – they are too large

Question 8

Many polypeptide hormones are synthesised by the cleavage of larger polypeptides?

True or false?

Answer 8

True – the larger hormones are called prohormones

Question 9

Several major hormones are synthesised by the modification of the amino acid tyrosine?

True or false?

Answer 9

True – e.g. Thyroid hormones and adrenaline

Question 10

Steroid hormones are stored in secretory vesicles ready for release?

True or false?

Answer 10

False – they are secreted immediately

Question 11

Which types of hormones are stored in vesicles?

Answer 11

Polypeptides and modified amino acids