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Vtec 1020 > endocrine system > Flashcards

endocrine system Flashcards

1
Q

endocrine system

A

the animal’s body produces chemicals and uses them to control certain functions, ductless and made up of glands located all over the body

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2
Q

antagonistic

A

acting in opposition

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3
Q

circadian rhythm

A

biological cycles that occur at approximately 24-hour intervals

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4
Q

endorphin

A

compound produced in the brain and in other body tissues that reduces the sensation of pain

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5
Q

gland

A

group of specialized cell in the body that produce and secrete a specific substance

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6
Q

hormone

A

substance produced by one tissue or by one group of cells that is carried by the bloodstream to another tissue or organ

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7
Q

exocrine glands

A

ducts and carry their secretions onto an epithelial surface

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8
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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9
Q

trop/o

A

affinity to, respond to a stimulus

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10
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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11
Q

adren/o

A

adrenal gland

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12
Q

thyr/o

A

thyroid gland

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13
Q

andr/o

A

male

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14
Q

pseud/o

A

false, deception

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15
Q

-trophy

A

growth

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16
Q

hypothalamus

A

located in the center of the brain, act as the link between the nervous system and the endocrine system

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17
Q

pituitary gland

A

located at the base of the brain,

18
Q

prolactin (PRL)

A

simulates milk production after giving birth

19
Q

growth hormone (GH)

A

stimulate growth in young animals and help maintain muscle mass, bone mass and fat distribution in adults

20
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

stimulates the adrenal gland cortex to produce hormones

21
Q

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

stimulates the thyroid gland to make thyroid hormones that will help regulate the animal’s metabolism, energy, growth, development, and the nervous system activity

22
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

regulates testosterone production in males and estrogen in females

23
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

regulates sperm production in males and stimulates the female’s ovaries to produce eggs

24
Q

endorphins

A

natural painkillers that reduce the nervous system’s sensitivity to pain signals

25
Q

oxytocin

A

causes the uterus to contract during birthing and milk letdown in lactating females

26
Q

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A

vasopressin, regulates water balance in the animal’s body

27
Q

thyroid gland

A

in the animal’s neck region, act as a kind of regulator to speed up or slow down metabolism and oxygen usage

28
Q

triiodothyronin (T3)

A

helps control the animal’s metabolic rate or the rate at which the cells burn fuel from food to produce energy

29
Q

thyroxine (T4)

A

T4 is converted to T3 in the body

30
Q

calcitonin

A

helps maintain homeostasis of blood calcium levels by preventing hypercalcemia

31
Q

parathyroid gland

A

small glands located in, on and around the thyroid gland

32
Q

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

antagonist to calcitonin, maintains homeostasis of blood calcium by preventing hypocalcemia

33
Q

adrenal glands

A

located near the cranial end of the kidneys,

34
Q

glucocorticoids

A

include cortisone, cortisol, and corticosterone, cause the blood glucose level to rise, help maintain blood pressure, and help the animals cope with stress

35
Q

mineralocorticoids

A

regulate the sodium, potassium, and hydrogen levels

36
Q

sex hormones

A

androgens-male

estrogens-female

37
Q

pancreas

A

exocrine and endocrine gland, digestive enzymes produced,

38
Q

insulin

A

helps blood sugar move from the blood into the cells

39
Q

glucagon

A

stimulates the live to convert the glycogen that is storing into glucose and then to send the glucose into the bloodstream

40
Q

gonads

A

primary source of sex hormones

41
Q

pineal gland

A

small gland located in the middle of the brain, secrets a hormone like substance melatonin

42
Q

thymus

A

large gland located in young animals, near the base of the neck, shrinks as the animal grows, secretes hormones called humoral factors,

Vtec 1020 (16 decks)

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