digestive system Flashcards
1
Q
omni
A
all every
2
Q
herbi
A
plant, green crop
3
Q
carni
A
flesh, meat
4
Q
-vore
A
eat, devour, swallow
5
Q
peps/o, pept/o
A
digestion
6
Q
prehension
A
gathering food, grasping, seizing it
7
Q
mastication
A
mechanical digestion, chewing to break food into small particles
8
Q
digestion
A
chemical or microbial breakdown of food particles into simple chemical compounds that can be absorbed and used by the body
9
Q
absorption
A
movement of nutrients and water into the body
10
Q
defecation
A
getting rid of feces, the leftover waste material of the digestive system
11
Q
brachy
A
short
12
Q
-ptysis
A
spitting
13
Q
or/o, stom/o, stomat/o
A
mouth
14
Q
phag/o
A
eat
15
Q
prandi/o
A
meal
16
Q
aliment/o
A
food
17
Q
dips/o
A
thirst
18
Q
cheil/o, labi/o
A
lip
19
Q
gingiv/o
A
gums, gingiva
20
Q
palat/o
A
palate, rood of the mouth
21
Q
dent/o, dont/o, odont/o,
A
teeth
22
Q
hyps/o
A
height, altitude
23
Q
bucc/o
A
cheek
24
Q
gloss/o, lingu/o
A
tongue
25
sial/o, ptyal/o
saliva, salivary gland
26
esophag/o
esophagus, gullet
27
rumen/o, rumin/o
rumen, first compartment of the forestomach
28
reticul/o
reticulum, the second compartment
29
omas/o
omasum, the third compartment
30
gastr/o
stomach in simple stomached animals
31
abomas/o
stomach in ruminants
32
pylor/o
pylorus, region of the stomach that connects to the small intestine
33
lapr/o
abdominal wall, flank
34
enter/o
intestines in general
35
duoden/o
duodenum, first segment of the small intestine
36
jejun/o
jejunum, second segment of the small intestine
37
ile/o
ileum, last segment of the small intestine
38
col/o
colon, the major portion of the large intestine
39
colon/o
colon
40
cec/o
cecum, blind pouch located at the junction of the ileum and colon
41
rect/o
rectum, the most caudal end of the large intestine
42
proct/o
rectum
43
an/o
anus, the caudal opening of the GI which waste material is eliminated
44
copr/o
feces
45
hepat/o
liver
46
chol/e
bile. gallbladder
47
choledoch/o
common bile duct
48
pancreat/o, pancre/o
pancreas
49
oment/o
omentum
50
monogastric digestion
mouth-pharynx-esophagus-stomach-duodenum-jejunum-ileum-colon-rectun-anus
51
equine digestion
mouth-pharynx-esophagus-stomach-duodenum-jejunum-ileum-cecum-colon-rectum-anus
52
ruminant digestion
mouth-pharynx-esophagus-reticulorumen-esophagus-pharynx- mouth, pharynx-esophagus-reticulorumen-omasum-abomasum-duodenum-jejunum-ileum-cecum-colon-rectum-anus
53
antrum
cavity within a structure
54
borborygmus
rumbling noise that gas makes as it moves through the stomach and intestine
55
bowel
another name for the intestines
56
cachexia
generalized wasting of the body as a result of disease
57
chyme
semifluid mass of partially digested food that enter the small intestine from the stomach
58
cud
portion of partially digested food that ruminant return to the mouth for further mastication before sending it to the omasum
59
deciduous
temporary teeth, known as baby teeth
60
enzyme
protein produced by living cells that initiates digestion
61
eructation
burp, ruminant use to get rid of fermentation gases
62
flatus
intestinal gas produced by the action of bacteria
63
ingest
to take into the body
64
ingesta
ingested material, especially food taken into the body via the mouth
65
melana
passing dark tarry feces containing blood that has been acted upon by bacteria in the intestines
66
occlusion
the way the upper and lower teeth line up against each other
67
paralumbar fossa
the dorsal area of the flank, triangular
68
peristalsis
progressive wave of contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscles in the wall of the GI tract to move food through
69
reflex
automatic unthinking reaction or behavior
70
relapse
to fall back into a disease state after an apparent recovery
71
retrograde
inverted, reversed, backward, recede, deteriorate
72
rumination
bringing ingesta from the reticulorumen back to the mouth followed by remastication and reswallowing
73
sphincter
a circular band of voluntary or involuntary muscle that encircles an opening of the body or one of its hollow organs
74
viable
capable of living, workable, capable of being done
75
hypsodont
high teeth, consist of a body encased in enamel and a root embedded in a jawbone
76
brachydont
short teeth, consist of a crown encased in enamel, a neck, and a root permanently embedded in a jawbone
77
incisor
rostral teeth, used for grasping food,
78
canine
used for tearing food
79
premolar
used to tear and cut food
80
wolf teeth
extra premolar in horses
81
molar
used for grinding food
82
prognathism
lower jaw protrudes further out rostral than the upper jaw
83
brachygnathism
upper jaw protrudes further out rostral than the lower jaw
84
visceral peritoneum
thin membrane covering organs in the abdomen
85
parietal peritoneum
continues with visceral and lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities
86
omentum
visceral peritoneum of the stomach extends into a double lay flat sheet, positioned over the stomach and other organs
87
mesentery
digestive tract is suspended in the peritoneal cavity by fused double layers of peritoneum
88
pre
before
89
mal
diseased, bad, abnormal
90
-orexia
appetite, desire
91
-rrhea
flow, flowing
92
-ase
enzyme
93
-lith
stone
94
-iasis
pathological condition
95
-ptosis
downward, drooping
96
-cele
protrusion, hernia
97
amyl/o
starch
98
sacchar/o, glyc/o
sugar
99
gluc/o
glucose
100
steat/o, lip/o
fat
101
lith/o
stone
102
herni/o
hernia
103
chyl
chyle
104
amylase
produced in pancreas, breaks down polysaccharides
105
pepsin
produced in stomach, break down protein
106
protease
produced in pancreas, breaks down protein
107
lipase
produced in pancreas, breaks down fat
108
bile
produced in the liver, breaks down fat
109
equine colic
symptom not a disease, condition of abdominal pain often caused by an intestinal or by infection
110
ruminant bloat
over distention of the reticulorumen due to trapped gas
111
ruminant grain overload
results from eating to much grain
112
ruminant traumatic reticuloperitonitis
hardware disease, ingesting foreign objects that can get caught in reticulum and pentrate the wall
113
canine bloat
gastric dilation volvulus life threatening emergency situation seen in large deep chested dogs, caused by torsion of the stomach clockwise at the distal esophagus
114
canine and feline inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
group of GI disease characterized by chronic inflammation
