Endocrine System 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Location of Thyroid Gland

A

Mediastinum –> inferior to the cartilage of larynx

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2
Q

Thyroid Cartilage of Larynx

A

Adams apple

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3
Q

Thyroid Gland 2 lobes

A

left and right connected by the isthmus wrap around the predominantly made up of thyroid follicles

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4
Q

isthmus of thyroid gland

A

connects 2 loves of thyroid gland

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5
Q

Trachea

A

Tube wind pipe / rings of hyalin cartilage / incomplete c shape / runs behind the esophagus

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6
Q

Pyramidal lobe of thyroid gland

A

only some people have it extends up from the isthmus superiorly

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7
Q

Thyroid follicles

A

little round sac like structures / each sac has an exterior + inferior storage area microscope / millions all packed together

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8
Q

T thyrocyte

A

Exterior wall / When stimulated by TSH (Thyroid stimulating hormone) produces thyroid hormones T3 and T4

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9
Q

T3

A

triiodothyronine

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10
Q

T4

A

tetraiodothyronine

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11
Q

Thyroglobulin TGB

A

inferior storage / stored space inside the follicle required for synthesis of t3 and t4

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12
Q

C thyrocytes

A

located between follicles however sometime located within walls produce hormone called calcitonin

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13
Q

CT

A

Reduces blood calcium / inhibits osteoclast activity

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14
Q

4 functions

A
  1. oxygen use 2. basal metabolic rate 3. cellular metabolism 4. growth and development
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15
Q

Hypothyroidism

A

under secretion of thyroid hormones + genetic disorder

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16
Q

Myxedema

A

not treatable / facial swelling / lower HR / lower body temp / dry hair and skin

17
Q

Qoiter

A

Common in places where low amounts of iodine is consumed dont have enough iodine to produce T3 and T4

18
Q

Size of parathyroid glands

A

pea or raison embedded on back of the 2 thyroid lobes

19
Q

Dense principal parathyroid cell

A

much greater in number than pale cells (Parathormone)

20
Q

Pale principal parathyroid cell

A

very little known / larger then dense cells

21
Q

Capsule

A

around the thyroid parathyroid / even though embedded, still a capsule between them

22
Q

PTH functions 1

A
  1. increase blood Ca and Mg in opposition to calcitonin raising blood Ca indirectly causes osteoclast activity to break down more bone and release it into the blood
23
Q

2 PTH functions

A

promote calcitriol formation in the kidneys / active form of vitamin D+ calcium from digestive tract (stomach/small intestine)

24
Q

Shape of suprarenal glands

A

pyramidal / 4 sided

25
Q

Suprarenal gland

A

right and left / contain cuter cortex + inner medulla

26
Q

Vascular

A

highly be producing hormones which have to make their way into blood supply be transported

27
Q

Suprarenal Cortex

A

Just deep to the capsule comprised of 3 distinct layers of cells

28
Q
A