Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Bio 30 > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

What does Hypo mean?

A

Less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does the endocrine system communicate?

A

Hormones in blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How long does the endocrine system take?

A

Very slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the duration of the endocrine system?

A

Long lasting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does the endocrine system do?

A

Changes in metabolic activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How are hormones regulated?

A

Negative feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define tropic hormone

A

Hormone that targets another gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do hormones control?

A
  • Rate of metabolism
  • blood sugar conc.
  • Blood pressure (water content)
  • Minerals conc. (Blood)
  • Reproduction
  • Growth + Repair
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are exocrine glands?

A

Excrete products that leave the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are endocrine glands?

A

Secrete hormones into bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are water soluble hormones?

A

Protein hormones
- bind to receptor site outside cell
- sends signal into cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are fat soluble hormones?

A

Steroid hormones
- Diffuse into cell
- bind to receptor site inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

T/F: special neurons make hormones in the hypothalamus

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the posterior pituitary serve as?

A

Storage for hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does posterior pituitary release?

A
  1. Anti-diuretic (ADH)
  2. Oxytocin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F: Anterior pituitary makes own hormones

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the anterior pituitary release?

A
  • TSH
  • ACTH (adrenocorticotropic)
  • hGH
  • FSH (follicle)
  • LH (luteinizing)
  • PRL (Prolactin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the Islets of Langerhans?

A

Specialized hormone producing cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do beta and alpha cells produce respectively?

A
  • insulin
  • glucagon
20
Q

Does liver convert glucose into glycogen?

21
Q

What does insulin do to glucose?

A
  • taken up by muscle for cell resp.
  • Converted to Fat (adipose tissue)
23
Q

What does insulin target?

A

Muscles, liver, fat

24
Q

What does glucagon do?

A
  • Raise sugar levels
  • liver cells break down glycogen to glucose (some from adipose)
25
What does glucagon target?
Only liver and fat
26
What is gestational diabetes?
Temporary during pregnancy
27
What does the thyroid gland do?
Controls cell resp. Rate
28
What does thyroid gland produce?
T4+T3 (thyroxine + triiodothyronine) - increases metabolism
29
What is Goiter?
Overstimulation (continual release of TSH) of thyroid because lack of iodine (no T3 + T4)
30
What is Graves’ disease?
Autoimmune disorder (fast metabolism) with high thyroid secretions
31
Symptoms of graves disease
- weight loss - tremors + sweat
32
What is cretinism?
Juvenile disorder (child) - iodine deficient = dwarfism + slow mental processes
33
What does thyroid release?
Calcitonin + thyroxine
34
What does the metabolism need to function?
Co enzymes (vitamins) Cofactors (minerals)
35
What opposes calcitonin?
PTH (parathyroid hormone)
36
What is diabetes insipidus?
Kidneys or ppg don’t respond to release ADH
37
2 parts of adrenal gland
1. Medulla 2. Cortex
38
What does the adrenal Medulla do?
Regulate short term stress - sympathetic nerves (ANS)
39
What does adrenal medulla produce?
Epinephrine + norepinephrine
40
What does the adrenal cortex do?
Regulate long term stress - controlled by ACTH (anterior pituitary)
41
What does cortex adrenal produce?
1. Glucocorticoids (blood sugar + main cortisol) 2. Mineralcorticoids (blood pressure + main aldosterone) 3. Gonadocorticoids (supplement sex hormones)
42
What does cortisol do? (3 functions)
1. Raise blood sugar 2. Breaks down muscle and fat 3. Suppress immune system (anti-inflammatory)
43
What does aldosterone do?
Absorb salt (Na) in kidneys, water follows - decrease urine output - low osmotic pressure releases hormone
44
What does leptin target?
Hypothalamus
45
What secretes melatonin?
Pineal gland
46
What does melatonin do?
Sleepy **Regulate circadian rhythm**
47

Bio 30 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions