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MCAT > Endocrine System > Flashcards

Endocrine System Flashcards

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MCAT flashcards
1
Q

thyroid releasing hormone

A

hypothalamus, increases thyroid stimulating hormones

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2
Q

gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)

A

Hypothalamus, increases LH and FSH

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3
Q

corticoptropin releasing hormone (CRF)

A

hypothalamus, increases adrenocorticotropic hormone

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4
Q

growth hormone releasing horomone

A

hypothalamus, increases growth hormone

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5
Q

thyroid-stimulating hormone

A

anterior pituitary, increases thyroid hormones

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6
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

anterior pituitary, increases corticosteroids

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7
Q

luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

anterior pituitary, increases estrogen and testosterone

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8
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone

A

anterior pituitary, promotes follicle development and spermatogenesis

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9
Q

prolactin

A

anterior pituitary, stimulates milk production

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10
Q

growth hormone (GH)

A

anterior pituitary, stimulates glucose production

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11
Q

oxytocin

A

posterior pituitary, stimulates smooth muscle contraction in labor and milk release

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12
Q

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A

posterior pituitary, increases water reabsorption in the collecting duct

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13
Q

vasopressin

A

posterior pituitary, increases water reabsorption in the collecting duct

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14
Q

melatonin

A

pineal gland, circadian rhythms

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15
Q

insulin

A

pancreas (beta cells), decreases glucose

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16
Q

glucagon

A

pancreas (alpha cells), increases glucose

17
Q

somatostatin

A

pancreas (delta cells), inhibits digestion

18
Q

erythropoietin

A

kidneys, increases red blood cell production in the bone marrow

19
Q

renin

A

kidneys, controls blood pressure (stimulates angiotensin), maintains Na+/K+ levels

20
Q

angiotensin

A

kidneys, constricts blood vessels to increase blood pressure

21
Q

cortisol

A

adrenal cortex, stress- increases glucose, decreases inflammation

22
Q

aldosterone

A

adrenal cortex, increases Na+ reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, increases fluid level

23
Q

T3, T4

A

thyroid, increases basal metabolic rate

24
Q

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

thyroid, increases Ca2+

25
Q

thymosin

A

thymus, stimulates T cell development

26
Q

epinephrine

A

adrenal medulla, increases glucose and stimulates the sympathetic nervous system

27
Q

norepinephrine

A

adrenal medulla, increases glucose and stimulates the sympathetic nervous system

28
Q

testosterone

A

testes, secondary male sex characteristics

29
Q

estrogen

A

ovaries, secondary female sex characteristics, menstral cycle regulation

30
Q

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

A

ovaries/placenta, increases progesterone post implantation

31
Q

progesterone

A

ovaries/placenta, prepares and maintains uterus for implantation

MCAT (4 decks)

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