Endocrine System

Question 1

Name 4 general characteristics of a hormone

Answer 1

1. it secrets and travels by blood to target cells
2. It binds to receptor on target cell
3. Receptor initiates next step which results in response
4. Response depends on hormone and target cell

Question 2

Whats the main function of the endocrine gland?

Answer 2

It secrets hormones directly into interstitial fluid, and transports it to the target cell

Question 3

Whats the main function of the steroid hormone?

Answer 3

Derived from cholesterol; growth, development, energy metabolism, homeostasis and reproduction.

Question 4

Whats the main function of the Amine/protein hormone?

Answer 4

chains of amino acids of verifying lengths; control or regulate specific physiological processes

Question 5

how does the hypothalamus play a role in the hormones of the pituitary gland?

Answer 5

releases hormones that stimulate secretion of anterior pituitary hormones and inhibiting hormones that inhibit secretion of anterior pituitary hormone

Question 6

What hormones does the thyroid gland produce and secrete?

Answer 6

Produces thyroid hormone, Thyroxine(T4), Triiodothyronine(T3); (Stimulate basal metabolic rate), and Calcitonin (reduces blood calcium levels)

Question 7

What hormones does the parathyroid gland produce and secrete?

Answer 7

parathyroid hormone; responds to low blood calcium of levels; stimulates osteoclasts; inhibits osteoblasts; Increases reabsorption of calcium in kidneys; Stimulates production of calcitriol which stimulates absorption of calcium in intestines

Question 8

What hormones does the adrenal gland produce and secrete?

Answer 8

cortex (Zona G,F,R); Medulla(DHEA)

Question 9

What hormones does the pineal gland produce and secrete?

Answer 9

Produces melatonin

Question 10

What hormones does the Pancreatic islets produce and secrete?

Answer 10

• Glucagon, Insulin, Somatostatin, Pancreatic Polypeptide

Question 11

What does Glucagon do?

Answer 11

(alpha Cells), increases blood glucose levels

Question 12

What does Insulin do?

Answer 12

(beta cells), decreases blood glucose levels

Question 13

What does Somatostatin do?

Answer 13

(delta cells), inhibits insulin and glucagon release

Question 14

What does Pancreatic polypeptides do?

Answer 14

(PP Cells), role in appetite

Question 15

What hormones does the Ovaries produce and secrete?

Answer 15

Estrogen, Progesterone, and Inhibin

Question 16

What does estrogen do?

Answer 16

-Development of female reproductive system
- Regulation of menstrual cycle
- Development of female secondary sex characteristics
- Maintenance of pregnancy

Question 17

What is progesterone?

Answer 17

• Regulation of menstrual cycle
• Preparing for and maintenance of pregnancy

Question 18

What is Inhibits?

Answer 18

Inhibits secretion of FSH (Follicle-stimulating hormone)

Question 19

What hormones does the testes produce and secrete?

Answer 19

Testosterone and Inhibin

Question 20

What is testosterone?

Answer 20

• Development of male reproductive system
• Maturation of sperm cells
• Development of male secondary sex characteristics

Question 21

What is inhibin? (male)

Answer 21

Inhibits secretion of FSH which stimulates spermatogenesis

Question 22

What is the location of the thyroid gland?

Answer 22

in the neck; 2 lobes connected by isthmus

Question 23

What is the location of the parathyroid gland?

Answer 23

4 small glands embedded in posterior side of thyroid gland; 2 in each lobe

Question 24

What is the location of the adrenal gland?

Answer 24

located on the top of the kidney

Question 25

What is the location of the pancreatic Islets?

Answer 25

Pancreas

Question 26

What is the location of the ovaries?

Answer 26

Found in women

Question 27

What is the location of the testes?

Answer 27

found on men