Cardiovascular System: Heart

Question 1

Where is the heart chambers located?

Answer 1

the left atrium and right atrium (upper chambers), and the left ventricle and right ventricle (lower chambers)

Question 2

What are the heart valves?

Answer 2

• Tricuspid valve
• Pulmonary valve
• (bicuspid) Mitral valve
• Aortic valve

Question 3

Where is the tricuspid valve located?

Answer 3

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle

Question 4

Where is the pulmonary valve located?

Answer 4

located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

Question 5

Where is the mitral valve located?

Answer 5

located between the left atrium and the left ventricle

Question 6

Where is the aortic valve located?

Answer 6

Located between the left ventricle and the aorta

Question 7

Where is the arteries located?

Answer 7

arteries lead away from the heart and usually carry oxygenated blood

Question 8

Where is the veins located?

Answer 8

veins lead towards the heart and usually carry deoxygenated blood

Question 9

What is the Intrinsic conduction system of heart

Answer 9

Heart maintains the ability to generate its own electrical impulse
- Rate is influenced by hormones and nervous system
1. sinoatrial node
2. Atrioventricular node
3. Atrioventricular bundle, then splits to bundle branches
4. Purkinje fibers

Question 10

Components of conduction system:

Answer 10

• Sinoatrial node: superior and posterior wall of right atrium, pacemaker cells, responsible for sinus rhythm (normal rhythm) of heart
• Impulse travels from SA bode to atrioventricular node, results in contraction of the atria
• slight delay before impulse is sent to atrioventricular bundle- allows for most efficient means of pumping blood from atrium to ventricle

Question 11

Atrioventricular node

Answer 11

Synchronization of atrial and ventricular contractions by a varying delay

Question 12

Atrioventricular bundle branches

Answer 12

reach the heart apex where they connect with purkinje fibers

Question 13

Purkinje Cells

Answer 13

allows the hearts conduction system to create synchronized contractions of its ventricles, and are essential for maintaining a consistent heart rhythm

Question 14

What is cardiac output

Answer 14

amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute

Question 15

What is cardiac cycle

Answer 15

period of time that begins with atrial contraction and ends with ventricular relaxation

Question 16

What is systole

Answer 16

contraction

Question 17

What is Diastole

Answer 17

relaxation

Question 18

Blood flow through heart:

Answer 18

enters into right atrium via inferior/superior vena cava, through tricuspid valve into right ventricle. Through pulmonary semi-lunar valve into pulmonary trunk, then pulmonary arteries, then lungs. Blood returns to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins, then through the bicuspid (mitral) valve into the left ventricle, then through the aortic semilunar valve and into the aorta